Namkhah Zahra, Irankhah Kiyavash, Sarviha Sina, Sobhani Seyyed Reza
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
BMC Nutr. 2024 Oct 23;10(1):143. doi: 10.1186/s40795-024-00948-5.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors affecting a quarter of the global population, with diet playing a significant role in its progression. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the Dietary Diabetes Risk Reduction Score (DDRRS) and the Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) scoring systems in assessing the diet-related risk of metabolic syndrome.
In this cross-sectional study, data from 7431 individuals aged between 30 and 70 years, obtained from the Mashhad Cohort Study, were utilized to evaluate the risk factors of metabolic syndrome. A valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess participants' dietary intake. The MQI was calculated based on carbohydrate, fat, and healthy protein components, while the DDRRS was also computed. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken to determine the presence of metabolic syndrome. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between MQI and DDRRS with metabolic syndrome and its components.
According to the crude model, we observed lower odds of MetS in the highest quartile of DDRRS and MQI compared to the lowest quartile (P-trend < 0.001). This trend persisted in the fully adjusted models, revealing odds ratios of 0.399 (95% CI: 0.319-0.500) and 0.597 (95% CI: 0.476-0.749) for DDRRS and MQI, respectively. After controlling for all potential confounders, we observed lower odds of central obesity in the highest quartile of MQI (OR: 0.818, 95% CI: 0.676-0.989, P-trend = 0.027). Furthermore, we found that the odds of high triglyceride levels were lower in the highest quartile of DDRRS compared to the lowest quartile (OR: 0.633, 95% CI: 0.521, 0.770, P-trend < 0.001).
In conclusion, our study indicates that greater adherence to both DDRRS and MQI is linked to a decreased risk of metabolic syndrome and its components. These findings hold significant implications for public health and the development of personalized nutrition strategies.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组心血管危险因素，影响着全球四分之一的人口，饮食在其发展过程中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是比较饮食糖尿病风险降低评分（DDRRS）和宏量营养素质量指数（MQI）评分系统在评估与代谢综合征相关的饮食风险方面的有效性。
在这项横断面研究中，利用从马什哈德队列研究中获得的7431名年龄在30至70岁之间个体的数据来评估代谢综合征的危险因素。使用有效的半定量食物频率问卷来评估参与者的饮食摄入量。根据碳水化合物、脂肪和健康蛋白质成分计算MQI，同时也计算DDRRS。进行人体测量和采集血样以确定代谢综合征的存在。进行逻辑回归分析以评估MQI和DDRRS与代谢综合征及其组成成分之间的关联。
根据粗模型，我们观察到与最低四分位数相比，DDRRS和MQI最高四分位数的MetS几率较低（P趋势<0.001）。这种趋势在完全调整模型中持续存在，DDRRS和MQI的比值比分别为0.399（95%置信区间：0.319 - 0.500）和0.597（95%置信区间：0.476 - 0.749）。在控制所有潜在混杂因素后，我们观察到MQI最高四分位数的中心性肥胖几率较低（比值比：0.818，95%置信区间：0.676 - 0.989，P趋势 = 0.027）。此外，我们发现DDRRS最高四分位数的高甘油三酯水平几率低于最低四分位数（比值比：0.633，95%置信区间：0.521，0.770，P趋势<0.001）。
总之，我们的研究表明，更高程度地遵循DDRRS和MQI与代谢综合征及其组成成分风险降低相关。这些发现对公共卫生和个性化营养策略的制定具有重要意义。
