College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
National Center of Pratacultural Technology Innovation (under preparation), Hohhot, 810016, Inner Mongolia, China.
BMC Genomics. 2024 Oct 24;25(1):995. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10933-8.
The nutritional quality and yield of oats (Avena sativa) are often compromised by plant diseases such as red leaf, powdery mildew, and leaf spot. Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) are newly identified sugar transporters involved in regulating plant growth and stress responses. However, the roles of SWEET genes in biotic stress responses remain uncharacterized in oats. In this study, 13 AsSWEET genes were identified across nine chromosomes of the oat genome, all of which were predicted to contain seven transmembrane regions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four clades of AsSWEET proteins, with high homology to SWEET proteins in the Poaceae family. Collinearity analysis demonstrated strong relationships between oat and Zea mays SWEETs. Using subcellular localization prediction tools, AsSWEET proteins were predicted to localize to the plasma membrane. Promoter analysis revealed cis-acting elements associated with light response, growth, and stress regulation. Six AsSWEET proteins were predicted to interact in a network centered on AsSWEET1a and AsSWEET11. Gene expression analysis of two oat varieties, 'ForagePlus' and 'Molasses', indicated significant expression differences in several AsSWEET genes following infection with powdery mildew or leaf spot, including AsSWEET1a, AsSWEET1b, AsSWEET2b, AsSWEET3a, AsSWEET11, and AsSWEET16. These SWEET genes are potential candidates for disease resistance in oats. This study provides a foundation for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of AsSWEET genes, particularly in response to powdery mildew and leaf spot, and offers insights for enhancing oat molecular breeding.
燕麦（Avena sativa）的营养品质和产量常常受到红叶病、白粉病和叶斑病等植物病害的影响。糖将最终被运出转运蛋白（Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters，SWEETs）是新鉴定的参与调节植物生长和应激反应的糖转运蛋白。然而，SWEET 基因在燕麦生物胁迫反应中的作用仍未被阐明。在这项研究中，在燕麦基因组的九条染色体上鉴定出 13 个 AsSWEET 基因，它们都被预测含有七个跨膜区域。系统发育分析显示，AsSWEET 蛋白分为四个分支，与禾本科植物的 SWEET 蛋白具有高度同源性。共线性分析表明，燕麦和玉米的 SWEET 基因之间存在密切的关系。利用亚细胞定位预测工具，预测 AsSWEET 蛋白定位于质膜。启动子分析显示与光反应、生长和应激调节相关的顺式作用元件。预测六个 AsSWEET 蛋白在以 AsSWEET1a 和 AsSWEET11 为中心的网络中相互作用。对两种燕麦品种'ForagePlus'和'Molasses'的基因表达分析表明，在感染白粉病或叶斑病后，几个 AsSWEET 基因的表达存在显著差异，包括 AsSWEET1a、AsSWEET1b、AsSWEET2b、AsSWEET3a、AsSWEET11 和 AsSWEET16。这些 SWEET 基因是燕麦抗病的潜在候选基因。本研究为了解 AsSWEET 基因的调控机制提供了基础，特别是在白粉病和叶斑病方面，为提高燕麦分子育种提供了思路。
