Department of Neurosurgery, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China.
Department of Cardiology Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Nov 5;13(21):e037286. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.037286. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young adults demands greater attention, given its poor prognosis; however, there has been a paucity of epidemiological data. The objective of this study is to estimate the temporal trends and distribution characteristics of the disease burden in 204 countries or territories between 1990 and 2021.
The data, including incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates were sourced from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021. From 1990 to 2021, there was a significant decline in the global incidence (estimated annual percentage change=-1.05), mortality (estimated annual percentage change=-0.92), and DALY (estimated annual percentage change=-1.00) rates of ICH in young adults. In 2021, the highest incidence, mortality, and DALY rates were observed in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania. Globally, high systolic blood pressure, smoking, and ambient particulate matter pollution were identified as the primary contributors to the largest proportion of DALYs associated with ICH in young adults. The health inequality of ICH in young adults has been reduced over the past 3 decades.
There is a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the global burden of ICH in young adults. A decline in the incidence, mortality, prevalence, and DALY rates has been observed from 1990 to 2021, however, the number of absolute cases has increased. These results will enable health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers to refine the implementation of cost-effective policies, the allocation of health care resources, and the management of patients to further mitigate the burden of ICH in young adults.
年轻人发生的脑出血（ICH）预后较差，因此需要更多关注；然而，相关流行病学数据却很少。本研究旨在评估 1990 年至 2021 年期间 204 个国家或地区的疾病负担的时间趋势和分布特征。
数据来源于 2021 年全球疾病负担研究，包括发病率、死亡率、患病率和残疾调整生命年（DALY）率。1990 年至 2021 年期间，年轻人的 ICH 全球发病率（估计年变化率=-1.05%）、死亡率（估计年变化率=-0.92%）和 DALY 率（估计年变化率=-1.00%）呈显著下降趋势。2021 年，东南亚、东亚和大洋洲的年轻人 ICH 发病率、死亡率和 DALY 率最高。全球范围内，高收缩压、吸烟和环境颗粒物污染被确定为与年轻人 ICH 相关的 DALY 最大比例的主要因素。过去 30 年来，年轻人 ICH 的健康不平等状况有所改善。
年轻人 ICH 的全球负担存在较大的异质性。1990 年至 2021 年期间，ICH 的发病率、死亡率、患病率和 DALY 率均呈下降趋势，但绝对病例数有所增加。这些结果将使卫生保健专业人员、政策制定者和研究人员能够完善具有成本效益的政策的实施、卫生保健资源的分配和患者的管理，以进一步减轻年轻人 ICH 的负担。
