Alaghawani Nour Alhuda, Alkhatib Hala, Elmancy Layla, Daou Anis
Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
Gels. 2024 Oct 17;10(10):663. doi: 10.3390/gels10100663.
Gels, specifically hydrogels and aerogels, have emerged as versatile materials with profound implications in pharmaceutical sciences. This comprehensive review looks into detail at hydrogels and aerogels, providing a general introduction to gels as a foundation. The paper is then divided into distinct sections for hydrogels and aerogels, each delving into their unique formulations, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. In the realm of hydrogels, we scrutinize the intricacies of formulation, highlighting the versatile advantages they offer. Conversely, potential limitations are explored, paving the way for a detailed discussion on their applications, with a specific focus on their role in antimicrobial applications. Shifting focus to aerogels, a thorough overview is presented, followed by a detailed explanation of the complex formulation process involving sol-gel chemistry; aging; solvent exchange; and drying techniques, including freeze drying, supercritical drying, and ambient-pressure drying (APD). The intricacies of drug loading and release from aerogels are addressed, providing insights into their pharmaceutical potential. The advantages and disadvantages of aerogels are examined, accompanied by an exploration of their applications, with a specific emphasis on antimicrobial uses. The review culminates in a comparative analysis, juxtaposing the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogels and aerogels. Furthermore, the current research and development trends in the applications of these gels in pharmaceutical sciences are discussed, providing a holistic view of their potential and impact. This review serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts, seeking a deeper understanding of the distinctive attributes and applications of hydrogels and aerogels in the ever-evolving research concerning pharmaceutical sciences.
凝胶，特别是水凝胶和气凝胶，已成为在制药科学领域具有深远意义的多功能材料。这篇全面的综述详细探讨了水凝胶和气凝胶，并对凝胶进行了总体介绍作为基础。然后，论文分为水凝胶和气凝胶两个不同的部分，每个部分都深入研究了它们独特的配方、优点、缺点和应用。在水凝胶领域，我们仔细研究了配方的复杂性，突出了它们所具有的多种优势。相反，我们也探讨了潜在的局限性，为详细讨论它们的应用铺平道路，特别关注它们在抗菌应用中的作用。将重点转向气凝胶，我们首先进行了全面概述，随后详细解释了涉及溶胶 - 凝胶化学、老化、溶剂交换以及干燥技术（包括冷冻干燥、超临界干燥和常压干燥（APD））的复杂配方过程。探讨了气凝胶载药和释药的复杂性，深入了解了它们的制药潜力。研究了气凝胶的优缺点，并探讨了它们的应用，特别强调了抗菌用途。综述最后进行了比较分析，对比了水凝胶和气凝胶的优缺点。此外，还讨论了这些凝胶在制药科学应用中的当前研究和发展趋势，全面展现了它们的潜力和影响。这篇综述为研究人员、从业者和爱好者提供了一份全面指南，帮助他们在不断发展的制药科学研究中更深入地了解水凝胶和气凝胶的独特特性及应用。
