Fatima Balderrama Isis, Schafer Sogand, El Shatanofy Muhammad, Bergamo Edmara T P, Mirsky Nicholas A, Nayak Vasudev Vivekanand, Marcantonio Junior Elcio, Alifarag Adham M, Coelho Paulo G, Witek Lukasz
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo 14801-385, Brazil.
Biomaterials Division, NYU Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2024 Oct 18;9(10):636. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9100636.
Biomimetics is the science of imitating nature's designs and processes to create innovative solutions for various fields, including dentistry and craniofacial reconstruction. In these areas, biomimetics involves drawing inspiration from living organisms/systems to develop new materials, techniques, and devices that closely resemble natural tissue structures and enhance functionality. This field has successfully demonstrated its potential to revolutionize craniofacial procedures, significantly improving patient outcomes. In dentistry, biomimetics offers exciting possibilities for the advancement of new dental materials, restorative techniques, and regenerative potential. By analyzing the structure/composition of natural teeth and the surrounding tissues, researchers have developed restorative materials that mimic the properties of teeth, as well as regenerative techniques that might assist in repairing enamel, dentin, pulp, cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone. In craniofacial reconstruction, biomimetics plays a vital role in developing innovative solutions for facial trauma, congenital defects, and various conditions affecting the maxillofacial region. By studying the intricate composition and mechanical properties of the skull and facial bones, clinicians and engineers have been able to replicate natural structures leveraging computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and 3D printing. This has allowed for the creation of patient-specific scaffolds, implants, and prostheses that accurately fit a patient's anatomy. This review highlights the current evidence on the application of biomimetics in the fields of dentistry and craniofacial reconstruction.
仿生学是一门模仿自然设计和过程，为包括牙科和颅面重建在内的各个领域创造创新解决方案的科学。在这些领域中，仿生学需要从生物体/系统中汲取灵感，以开发与天然组织结构极为相似并能增强功能的新材料、技术和设备。该领域已成功展现出变革颅面手术的潜力，显著改善了患者的治疗效果。在牙科领域，仿生学为新型牙科材料、修复技术以及再生潜力的提升提供了令人兴奋的可能性。通过分析天然牙齿及其周围组织的结构/组成，研究人员开发出了模仿牙齿特性的修复材料，以及可能有助于修复牙釉质、牙本质、牙髓、牙骨质、牙周韧带和骨骼的再生技术。在颅面重建中，仿生学在为面部创伤、先天性缺陷以及影响颌面区域的各种病症开发创新解决方案方面发挥着至关重要的作用。通过研究颅骨和面部骨骼的复杂组成及力学性能，临床医生和工程师得以利用计算机辅助设计与制造（CAD/CAM）以及3D打印技术复制天然结构。这使得能够制造出精确贴合患者解剖结构的个性化支架、植入物和假体。本综述重点介绍了目前关于仿生学在牙科和颅面重建领域应用的证据。
