Sayres M, Wyshak G, Denterlein G, Apfel R, Shore E, Federman D
N Engl J Med. 1986 Feb 13;314(7):418-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198602133140705.
To identify possible barriers to women physicians who wish to combine parenting with medical careers, we studied 56 of 64 pregnancies from the past 10 years in 63 of 66 Harvard-affiliated residency programs. Pregnancies during residency were common (one in eight married women in 1983) and were usually planned (77 percent). Most institutions were unprepared for pregnancies among members of the house staff; four fifths of the programs had no maternity-leave policy. No one quit a residency program because of pregnancy, and pregnancy rarely affected achievement of board certification. Whether the pregnant women found pregnancy during residency a "pleasant" experience was determined largely by whether the program director was supportive, whether the issue of pregnancy was openly discussed within the program, and whether the woman was permitted to return to work on a part-time basis for the first weeks after maternity leave. We conclude that pregnancy within residency programs should be expected and planned for and that if proper arrangements are made, it need not be a major problem for either the training program or the pregnant resident.
为了确定希望将育儿与医学职业相结合的女医生可能面临的障碍，我们研究了哈佛附属的66个住院医师培训项目中63个项目过去10年里64例怀孕案例中的56例。住院医师培训期间怀孕很常见（1983年每八名已婚女性中有一名），而且通常是有计划的（77%）。大多数机构对住院医师中的怀孕情况没有做好准备；五分之四的项目没有产假政策。没有人因为怀孕而退出住院医师培训项目，怀孕也很少影响获得委员会认证。住院医师培训期间怀孕的女性是否觉得怀孕是“愉快的”经历，很大程度上取决于项目主任是否支持、项目内是否公开讨论怀孕问题，以及女性在产假后的头几周是否被允许兼职返回工作岗位。我们得出结论，住院医师培训项目中的怀孕情况应该被预期并做好规划，如果做出适当安排，对培训项目或怀孕的住院医师来说都不一定是大问题。
