Badoum Emilie S, Kouraogo Ludovic, Diarra Amidou, Ouattara Daouda, Nebie Issa, Ouedraogo Alphonse, Tiono Alfred B, Sirima Sodiomon B
Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 06 BP 10248, Burkina Faso.
Pathogens. 2024 Oct 10;13(10):883. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13100883.
The aim of this study was to explore molecular measures of malaria burden (FOI and MOI) in the context of seasonal malaria chemoprevention. We analyzed malaria cases collected as part of a longitudinal cohort study. The cohort included -negative children aged 1.5 to 12, as confirmed by PCR 21 days after a radical cure using DHA-PQ or AS. Children were followed up for six months using active and passive case detection methods. At each visit, dried blood spots and blood smears were collected by finger prick, along with clinical data. Parasite DNA was extracted and analyzed by nested PCR for detection and genotyping of parasites. A total of 458 isolates collected during follow-up from October 2020 to March 2021 were genotyped. During the follow-up, children contracted 1.05 (95% IC [0.81-1.30]) new infections/child/time of exposure, and the MOI value was 3.00 (SD 1.60). Age is a protective factor (IRR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.90) against the occurrence of an episode of malaria, unlike an increase in MOI (IRR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.99), which is a favorable factor ( < 0.05). This study confirms the reduction in malaria transmission in our study area, probably due to the massive deployment of control tools.
本研究的目的是在季节性疟疾化学预防的背景下，探索疟疾负担的分子指标（感染率和发病率）。我们分析了作为纵向队列研究一部分收集的疟疾病例。该队列包括年龄在1.5至12岁之间的PCR阴性儿童，这是在使用双氢青蒿素哌喹（DHA-PQ）或青蒿琥酯（AS）进行根治后21天通过PCR确认的。使用主动和被动病例检测方法对儿童进行了为期六个月的随访。每次随访时，通过手指针刺采集干血斑和血涂片，同时收集临床数据。提取寄生虫DNA，并通过巢式PCR进行分析，以检测和基因分型寄生虫。对2020年10月至2021年3月随访期间收集的总共458株分离株进行了基因分型。在随访期间，儿童每暴露一次感染1.05（95%置信区间[0.81-1.30]）例新感染，发病率值为3.00（标准差1.60）。年龄是预防疟疾发作的保护因素（发病率比：0.74；95%置信区间：0.61，0.90），与发病率增加（发病率比：1.63；95%置信区间：1.04，1.99）不同，发病率增加是一个有利因素（P<0.05）。本研究证实了我们研究地区疟疾传播的减少，这可能是由于大量部署了控制工具。
