Xu Jiao, Qu Zebin, Wang Yingli, Ren Weijie, Liu Shan, Zou Yanli, Su Na, Bao Jingyue, Wang Zhiliang
China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China.
Vet Sci. 2024 Oct 9;11(10):489. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11100489.
In 2013, the second outbreak of peste des petits ruminants occurred in China, leading to a spillover in more than 20 provinces and municipalities over the next few months. Thereafter, the epidemic situation was stable owing to strict prevention and control measures. In February 2024, several bharals and argali with suspected symptoms of PPR were discovered in Rutog country, Tibet Autonomous Region. Samples collected from these animals were delivered to our laboratory for diagnosis; the results of fluorescence quantitative reverse-transcription (RT) PCR indicated that all samples were positive for PPR viral RNA. The N and F gene fragments were amplified successfully via RT-PCR, and these results confirmed that these animals were infected with PPRV. A PPRV strain (subsequently named ChinaTibet2024) was sequenced, and its genome length was 15,954 nucleotides. A phylogenetic tree analysis using N and F genes and viral genomes showed that the ChinaTibet2024 genome was classified into lineage IV of the PRRV genotypes. The genome of the ChinaTibet2024 strain was found to be closely related to PPRVs isolated in China between 2013 and 2014. A base insertion and a base deletion were detected in the M gene 5' untranslated region. Results indicated that the prevalent PPRV strains in China did not show significant changes and that special attention should be paid to the surveillance of wild animals as an important part of PPR prevention and control.
2013年，中国发生了第二次小反刍兽疫疫情，在接下来的几个月里疫情蔓延至20多个省和直辖市。此后，由于严格的防控措施，疫情形势趋于稳定。2024年2月，在西藏自治区日土县发现几只疑似感染小反刍兽疫的岩羊和盘羊。从这些动物身上采集的样本被送到我们实验室进行诊断；荧光定量逆转录（RT）PCR结果显示，所有样本的小反刍兽疫病毒RNA均呈阳性。通过RT-PCR成功扩增出N和F基因片段，这些结果证实这些动物感染了小反刍兽疫病毒。对一株小反刍兽疫病毒毒株（随后命名为ChinaTibet2024）进行测序，其基因组长度为15954个核苷酸。利用N和F基因以及病毒基因组构建的系统发育树分析表明，ChinaTibet2024基因组属于小反刍兽疫病毒基因型的IV系。发现ChinaTibet2024毒株的基因组与2013年至2014年在中国分离的小反刍兽疫病毒密切相关。在M基因5'非翻译区检测到一个碱基插入和一个碱基缺失。结果表明，中国流行的小反刍兽疫病毒毒株未出现显著变化，作为小反刍兽疫防控的重要组成部分，应特别关注野生动物的监测。
