Mavridis Konstantinos, Petridou Anatoli, Chatzinikolaou Athanasios, Mougios Vassilis
Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Physical Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Komotini, Democritus University of Thrace, 69150 Komotini, Greece.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Oct 17;12(10):283. doi: 10.3390/sports12100283.
This study aimed to monitor the oxygenation and blood supply in three quadriceps muscles [the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), and rectus femoris (RF)] during squatting exercise to exhaustion. Eighteen young resistance-trained males performed five sets of 15 back squats in a Smith machine, with two warm-up sets [at 14% and 45% of the 15-repetition maximum (15RM)] and three main sets at 100% of the 15RM. Three near-infrared spectroscopy devices were attached to the VL, VM, and RF to record the muscle oxygen saturation (SmO) and total hemoglobin (tHb, an index of muscle blood supply). The blood lactate concentration was measured after each set with a portable analyzer. The SmO and tHb data were analyzed by repeated-measures two-way ANOVA (muscle × set). Lactate data were analyzed by repeated-measures one-way ANOVA. The statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. The SmO dropped during each set (hitting zero in many instances) and was reinstated during recovery. The three main sets caused severe deoxygenation in the VL and VM, as opposed to moderate deoxygenation in the RF. From one set to the next, the initial value and the drop in the SmO increased, whereas the final SmO value decreased. The tHb increased in the VL, did not change considerably in the VM, and decreased in the RF during each set. The blood lactate concentration increased gradually from one set to the next, reaching about 10 mmol/L. These findings show pronounced differences in the physiological and metabolic responses of three quadriceps muscles to squatting exercise, thus highlighting the importance of studying such responses at multiple sites.
本研究旨在监测深蹲运动至力竭过程中三块股四头肌[股外侧肌（VL）、股内侧肌（VM）和股直肌（RF）]的氧合和血液供应情况。18名经过抗阻训练的年轻男性在史密斯机上进行5组每组15次的后深蹲练习，包括两组热身组[分别为15次重复最大值（15RM）的14%和45%]和三组15RM的100%的主要练习组。将三台近红外光谱仪分别连接到VL、VM和RF上，以记录肌肉氧饱和度（SmO）和总血红蛋白（tHb，肌肉血液供应指标）。每组练习后用便携式分析仪测量血乳酸浓度。SmO和tHb数据采用重复测量双向方差分析（肌肉×组）进行分析。乳酸数据采用重复测量单向方差分析进行分析。统计学显著性设定为α = 0.05。每组练习期间SmO均下降（在许多情况下降至零），并在恢复过程中恢复。与RF中的中度脱氧相反，三组主要练习导致VL和VM中出现严重脱氧。从一组到下一组，SmO的初始值和下降幅度增加，而最终SmO值降低。每组练习期间，VL中的tHb增加，VM中的tHb变化不大，RF中的tHb降低。血乳酸浓度从一组到下一组逐渐增加，达到约10 mmol/L。这些发现表明，三块股四头肌对深蹲运动的生理和代谢反应存在显著差异，从而突出了在多个部位研究此类反应的重要性。
