General Department, Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press, Beijing, 100091, China.
Chin J Integr Med. 2024 Dec;30(12):1068-1079. doi: 10.1007/s11655-024-3816-3. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
To explore the effects of Tai Chi on body mass index (BMI), exercise capacity, and mental health of overweight/obese adults, and investigate factors influencing adherence to enhance adherence of Tai Chi as a sustainable exercise method.
A randomized, controlled, exploratory clinical trial was conducted paired with a qualitative study of adherence management. A total of 20 overweight/obese participants were randomly assigned to a standard Tai Chi group (experimental) and a simplified Tai Chi group (control) for an 8-week intervention, 10 patients in each group, with a 12-month follow-up. BMI was calculated and exercise capacity including an isokinetic muscle strength and balance ability test were evaluated. Mental health was assessed using the General Well-Being Schedule (GWB), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Coping Self Efficacy Scale (CSES) at baseline, 4th week, and 8th week, respectively. The qualitative research included open-interviews with Tai Chi practitioners and semi-structured interviews with subjects.
The intervention was conducted in Haidian Park, Beijing, China from October 6, 2022, to January 1, 2023, without dropouts. After an 8-week intervention, the participants in the experimental group exhibited a significant decrease in BMI (P<0.05). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in exercise capacity (P<0.05). The experimental group exhibited a significant enhancement in the GWB, PSQI and CSES (P<0.05). Only GWB had significant difference in the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group surpassed the control group in GWB and CSES (P<0.05). The adherence rate was 87.5% in the experimental group and 57.9% in the control group after 8 weeks intervention. Analysis on adherence identified 15 themes, the top 3 themes mentioned were as follows: mind-body effects, online and on-site guidance, training schedule (for subjects); mind-body effects, difficulties in practicing, and understanding of Tai Chi (for practitioners).
Both interventions were effective in improving exercise capacity. Tai Chi, integrating both physical and mental conditioning, reduced weight, improved exercise capacity and mental happiness, and increased adherence, providing a sustainable exercise program (ChiCTR2200063599).
探讨太极拳对超重/肥胖成年人的体重指数（BMI）、运动能力和心理健康的影响，并研究影响依从性的因素，以提高太极拳作为一种可持续运动方式的依从性。
采用随机对照、探索性临床试验，结合依从性管理的定性研究。将 20 名超重/肥胖患者随机分为标准太极拳组（实验组）和简化太极拳组（对照组），每组 10 例，进行 8 周的干预，12 个月随访。计算 BMI，评估等速肌力和平衡能力测试的运动能力。分别在基线、第 4 周和第 8 周使用一般健康状况量表（GWB）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和应对自我效能感量表（CSES）评估心理健康。定性研究包括对太极拳练习者进行开放式访谈和对受试者进行半结构式访谈。
干预于 2022 年 10 月 6 日至 2023 年 1 月 1 日在北京海淀公园进行，无脱落。经过 8 周的干预，实验组的 BMI 显著降低（P<0.05）。两组运动能力均显著提高（P<0.05）。实验组 GWB、PSQI 和 CSES 显著提高（P<0.05）。对照组仅 GWB 有显著差异（P<0.05）。实验组 GWB 和 CSES 显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。干预 8 周后，实验组依从率为 87.5%，对照组为 57.9%。对依从性的分析确定了 15 个主题，前 3 个主题如下：身心效应、在线和现场指导、训练计划（对受试者）；身心效应、练习困难和对太极拳的理解（对练习者）。
两种干预措施均有效提高运动能力。太极拳集身心调节于一体，减轻体重，提高运动能力和心理健康，提高依从性，提供一种可持续的运动方案（ChiCTR2200063599）。
