Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 25;19(10):e0310298. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310298. eCollection 2024.
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the biological activities of Anabasis setifera extract, including its antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. In the current study, Anabasis setifera leaves extract was evaluated for antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant activities and phytochemical analyses. Ethyl acetate extract of Anabasis setifera (EA-AS) exhibited promising antimicrobial activity toward Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus fumigatus with MICs 62.5, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 62.5, 125 and 125 μg/mL respectively. Moreover, EA-AS showed anticancer activity at safe concentrations, where IC50 were 36.4 and 44 μg/mL toward Hep-G2 and MCF-7 cancerous cell lines. EA-AS was found to contain 55 significant compounds identified through gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry (GCMS). The most abundant compounds were 1,4-dimethoxy-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5-benzocycloheptenone (26.04%), hexa-2,4-diyn-1-ylbenzene (8.40%), dihydrobenzo[b]fluoranthene (6.10%), ethanone, 1-[2,3-dihydro-2-(1-methylethenyl)-5-benzofuranyl (6.10%), and valerenol (4.08%). GC mass analysis confirmed the antioxidant properties of AS by detecting several compounds with antioxidant activity, including hexa-2,4-diyn-1-ylbenzene, nerolidol, spathulenol, -naphthalenem ethanol, decahydro-4-trimethyl-8-methylene, hexadecenoic acid, tremetone, desmethoxyencecalin, heptadecyn-1-ol, thunbergol, hexadecanol, dotriacontane, taylorione, ligulatin, retinoic acid, and falcarinol. The analysis of EA-AS reveals that it is a rich source of valuable phytochemicals: total Phenolic Content: a promising 4,264 μg/mL /, suggesting substantial biological and pharmacological potential. Total tannin content: 391.17 μg/mL, indicating potential applications in industries like nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Total flavonoid content exceptionally high at 5,163 μg/mL, while the total alkaloid content measured 1,036.26 μg/mL. Additionally, EA-AS demonstrated antioxidant activity with an EC50 of 30.6 μg/mL. In conclusion, the comprehensive analysis of the EA-AS reveals its immense potential as a rich source of valuable phytochemicals with diverse bioactivities, warranting further in-depth studies to unlock its full pharmaceutical and commercial prospects. Our results suggest substantial biological and pharmacological prospects for EA-AS as a promising antimicrobial, anticancer, and potent antioxidant.
本研究的主要目的是评估刺矶松提取物的生物活性，包括其抗菌、抗癌和抗氧化特性。在本研究中，评估了刺矶松叶提取物的抗菌、抗癌、抗氧化活性和植物化学分析。刺矶松的乙酸乙酯提取物（EA-AS）对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌、巴西曲霉和烟曲霉表现出有希望的抗菌活性，MIC 分别为 62.5、125、62.5、31.25、62.5、125 和 125μg/mL。此外，EA-AS 在安全浓度下表现出抗癌活性，对 Hep-G2 和 MCF-7 癌细胞系的 IC50 分别为 36.4 和 44μg/mL。通过气相色谱质谱法（GCMS）鉴定出 EA-AS 中含有 55 种具有显著生物活性的化合物。最丰富的化合物是 1,4-二甲氧基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5-苯并环庚烯酮（26.04%）、己-2,4-二炔-1-基苯（8.40%）、二氢苯并[b]荧蒽（6.10%）、乙酮、1-[2,3-二氢-2-（1-甲基乙烯基）-5-苯并呋喃基]（6.10%）和缬烯醇（4.08%）。GC 质量分析通过检测具有抗氧化活性的几种化合物，证实了 AS 的抗氧化特性，包括己-2,4-二炔-1-基苯、橙花叔醇、蛇麻烯醇、-萘乙醇、十氢化-4-三甲基-8-亚甲基、十六碳烯酸、曲霉菌、去甲氧基恩卡林、十七炔-1-醇、松醇、十六醇、三十烷、泰勒酮、刺毛菌素、视黄酸和法卡林醇。EA-AS 的分析表明，它是有价值的植物化学物质的丰富来源：总酚含量：有希望的 4,264μg/mL/，表明具有很大的生物学和药理学潜力。总单宁含量：391.17μg/mL，表明在营养保健品、制药和化妆品等行业有潜在应用。总类黄酮含量异常高，为 5,163μg/mL，而总生物碱含量为 1,036.26μg/mL。此外，EA-AS 表现出抗氧化活性，EC50 为 30.6μg/mL。总之，EA-AS 的综合分析表明，它作为一种有价值的植物化学物质的丰富来源，具有多种生物活性，具有巨大的潜力，值得进一步深入研究，以挖掘其全部的药用和商业前景。我们的结果表明，EA-AS 作为一种有前途的抗菌、抗癌和有效的抗氧化剂，具有很大的生物学和药理学前景。
