School of Business Administration, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 25;19(10):e0311913. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311913. eCollection 2024.
In the context of environmental deterioration and people's growing environmental protection awareness, governments or regions have put forward corresponding carbon emission reduction policies. Among them, the carbon trading mechanism, as an effective means to promote enterprises to implement emission reduction measures, plays a crucial role in regulating enterprise behavior and promoting social sustainable development. Since various industries and sectors support each other in social and economic development, it is more reasonable to study the carbon emission reduction optimization decisions of society and enterprises from the perspective of the supply chain. To achieve the carbon reduction target of the supply chain system, manufacturing enterprises usually need to incur additional costs to invest in emission reduction technologies, and retail enterprises also need to conduct low-carbon publicity to increase product market share. On one hand, considering the impact of the government's emission reduction constraints and consumers' low-carbon preferences, manufacturers will take corporate social responsibility (CSR) into consideration to enhance product competitiveness. On the other hand, smaller retailers are more concerned about being treated fairly than about their own profits due to the extra cost of low-carbon advertising. In this paper, considering the background of carbon trading, the manufacturer's CSR and retailer's fairness concern behavior are introduced into the decision-making process of the low-carbon supply chain (LCSC), and the relevant emission reduction decision-making model is constructed by using Stackelberg game theory and backward derivation method. Through comparative analysis of relevant parameters, members' profits and utilities, this paper focuses on the influence of CSR and fairness concerns on system decision-making. The results show that the optimal way for LCSC decision-making is to cooperate with fair-concerned retailers and manufacturers with CSR. When manufacturers consider social responsibility within a certain range and retailers bear part of the cost of social responsibility as followers, it can not only effectively improve the emission reduction level of the supply chain and the profits of each entity, but also help to increase the enthusiasm of each entity for carbon emission reduction and the overall social welfare.
在环境恶化和人们环保意识不断增强的背景下，政府或地区提出了相应的碳排放减排政策。其中，碳交易机制作为推动企业实施减排措施的有效手段，在调节企业行为、促进社会可持续发展方面发挥着重要作用。由于各个行业和部门在社会经济发展中相互支持，从供应链的角度研究社会和企业的碳排放减排优化决策更为合理。为了实现供应链系统的碳减排目标，制造企业通常需要承担额外的减排技术投资成本，而零售企业也需要进行低碳宣传以增加产品的市场份额。一方面，考虑到政府减排约束和消费者低碳偏好的影响，制造商将承担企业社会责任（CSR），以增强产品竞争力。另一方面，由于低碳广告的额外成本，规模较小的零售商更关心的是公平待遇，而不是自身利润。本文考虑碳交易背景，将制造商的 CSR 和零售商的公平关切行为引入低碳供应链（LCSC）的决策过程中，采用 Stackelberg 博弈论和逆推法构建了相关减排决策模型。通过对相关参数、成员利润和效用的比较分析，本文重点研究了 CSR 和公平关切对系统决策的影响。结果表明，LCSC 决策的最佳方式是与公平关切的零售商和具有 CSR 的制造商合作。当制造商在一定范围内考虑社会责任，而零售商作为追随者承担部分社会责任成本时，不仅可以有效提高供应链的减排水平和各实体的利润，还有助于提高各实体的减排积极性和整体社会效益。
