Department of Psychology & Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway.
Nat Med. 2024 Nov;30(11):3085-3093. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03307-w. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
In addition to social determinants of health, such as economic resources, education, access to care and various environmental factors, there is growing evidence that political polarization poses a substantial risk to individual and collective well-being. Here we review the impact of political polarization on public health. We describe the different forms of polarization and how they are connected to health outcomes, highlighting the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study of the health risks of polarization. We then offer strategies for mitigating potential harms associated with polarization, with an emphasis on building social trust. Finally, we propose future research directions on this topic, underscore the need for more work in a global context and encourage greater collaboration between social scientists and medical scientists. We conclude that polarization is a serious-if largely overlooked-determinant of health, whose impacts must be more thoroughly understood and mitigated.
除了健康的社会决定因素，如经济资源、教育、获得医疗保健的机会和各种环境因素外，越来越多的证据表明，政治两极化对个人和集体福祉构成了实质性风险。在这里，我们回顾了政治两极化对公共卫生的影响。我们描述了两极化的不同形式，以及它们与健康结果的关系，并强调了 COVID-19 大流行作为两极化对健康风险的案例研究。然后，我们提供了减轻与两极化相关的潜在危害的策略，重点是建立社会信任。最后，我们就这一主题提出了未来的研究方向，强调需要在全球范围内开展更多的工作，并鼓励社会科学家和医学科学家之间加强合作。我们的结论是，两极化是健康的一个严重——尽管在很大程度上被忽视——决定因素，其影响必须得到更全面的理解和减轻。
