Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024 Oct 25;24(1):701. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06870-9.
Aquatic activities are becoming increasingly popular as a form of exercise during pregnancy. However, the effects of these activities on the physical and mental health outcomes of pregnant women during and after pregnancy as well as fetal outcomes remain unclear. This meta-analysis evaluated the current evidence regarding the effects of aquatic activities during pregnancy on neonatal and maternal outcomes.
Three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central electronic database, Embase) were searched from inception to July 17, 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of aquatic activities versus standard prenatal care or no exercise on neonatal and maternal outcomes. Pooled outcome measures were determined using random-effects models.
Ten RCTs including 1949 patients met the criteria for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The results showed that prenatal aquatic activities could significantly improve maternal weight control (mean difference [MD]= -0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]= -1.64 to -0.18, P = 0.01, I = 0.00%), improve maternal quality of life (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.16, 95%CI = 0.03 to 0.28, P = 0.01, I = 0.00%), and extend fetal birth length (MD = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.10 to 0.87, P = 0.01, I = 0.00%) compared with standard prenatal care or no exercise, while no significant differences were observed in fetal birth weight, Apgar score at 1 min, Apgar score at 5 min, pH of umbilical cord blood, gestational age, rate of preterm delivery, incidence of postnatal depression and mode of delivery.
Prenatal aquatic activities can significantly improve maternal weight control and quality of life during pregnancy, and may promote longer birth length. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
水上活动作为怀孕期间的一种运动方式越来越受欢迎。然而，这些活动对孕妇在怀孕期间和产后的身心健康以及胎儿结局的影响尚不清楚。本荟萃分析评估了目前关于怀孕期间进行水上活动对新生儿和产妇结局影响的证据。
从建库到 2024 年 7 月 17 日，我们在 3 个数据库（PubMed、Cochrane 中心电子数据库、Embase）中搜索了比较水上活动与标准产前护理或不运动对新生儿和产妇结局影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用随机效应模型确定汇总结局测量值。
纳入了 10 项 RCT，共 1949 名患者符合纳入本荟萃分析的标准。结果显示，产前水上活动可显著改善产妇体重控制（均数差[MD]=-0.91，95%置信区间[CI]=-1.64 至-0.18，P=0.01，I=0.00），改善产妇生活质量（标准化均数差[SMD]=0.16，95%CI=0.03 至 0.28，P=0.01，I=0.00），并延长胎儿出生时的身长（MD=0.48，95%CI=0.10 至 0.87，P=0.01，I=0.00），与标准产前护理或不运动相比，而胎儿出生体重、1 分钟时的 Apgar 评分、5 分钟时的 Apgar 评分、脐血 pH 值、胎龄、早产率、产后抑郁发生率和分娩方式无显著差异。
产前水上活动可显著改善孕妇怀孕期间的体重控制和生活质量，并可能促进更长的出生时身长。然而，需要更多的研究来证实这些发现。
