Pinto Otávio Henrique Bezerra, Oliveira Rafael da Silva, Ferreira Brendo Ramos, Peixoto Julianna, Sartori Maria Regina Silveira, Quirino Betania Ferraz, Brunet Fabrice, Kruger Ricardo Henrique
Laboratory of Enzymology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-875, Brazil.
Environ Microbiome. 2024 Oct 26;19(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s40793-024-00627-9.
Dihydrogen (H₂) natural gas is a clean and renewable energy source of significant interest in the transition to sustainable energy. Unlike conventional petroleum-based fuels, H₂ releases only water vapor upon combustion, making it a promising alternative for reducing carbon footprints in the future. However, the microbial impact on H₂ dynamics in H-emitting zones remains unclear, as does the origin of H - whether it is produced at greater depths or within shallow soil layers. In the São Francisco Basin, soil hydrogen concentrations of approximately 200 ppm were identified in barren ground depressions. In this study, we investigated the microbiome associated with this area using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, with a focus on metabolic processes related to H₂ consumption and production. Soil samples were collected from two monitored (< 1 m) depths - 10 cm and 1 m - in the emission zone, which is predominantly covered with pasture vegetation, and from an adjacent area with medium and small trees.
Our findings suggest that the H-emitting zone significantly influences the composition and function of the microbiome, with Bacillus emerging as the dominant genus. In contrast to typical Cerrado soil, we observed a higher prevalence of Actinobacteriota (∼ 40%) and Firmicutes (∼ 20%). Additionally, we identified an abundance of sporulating bacteria and taxonomic groups previously described as H-oxidizing bacteria.
The H-emitting zone in the São Francisco Basin presents a unique opportunity to deepen our understanding of the impact of H₂ on microbial communities. This study is the first to characterize a natural H-associated bacterial community in Cerrado soil using a culture-independent approach.
氢气（H₂）天然气是一种清洁的可再生能源，在向可持续能源转型过程中备受关注。与传统的石油基燃料不同，氢气燃烧时仅释放水蒸气，这使其成为未来减少碳足迹的一个有前景的替代能源。然而，微生物对氢气排放区氢气动态的影响仍不清楚，氢气的来源也是如此——它是在更深层还是浅层土壤层中产生。在圣弗朗西斯科盆地，在贫瘠地面凹陷处发现土壤氢气浓度约为200 ppm。在本研究中，我们使用16S rRNA基因测序研究了与该区域相关的微生物群落，重点关注与氢气消耗和产生相关的代谢过程。从排放区两个监测深度（<1米）——10厘米和1米——采集土壤样本，该区域主要覆盖着牧场植被，还从相邻的有中小树木的区域采集了样本。
我们的研究结果表明，氢气排放区显著影响微生物群落的组成和功能，芽孢杆菌属成为优势属。与典型的塞拉多土壤相比，我们观察到放线菌门（约40%）和厚壁菌门（约20%）的患病率更高。此外，我们还鉴定出大量产孢细菌和先前被描述为氢气氧化细菌的分类群。
圣弗朗西斯科盆地的氢气排放区为加深我们对氢气对微生物群落影响的理解提供了一个独特的机会。本研究首次使用非培养方法对塞拉多土壤中与自然氢气相关的细菌群落进行了表征。
