Uhlig Ken, Rücknagel Jan, Macholdt Janna
Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Department of Agronomy and Organic Farming, Martin-Luther-University, Betty-Heimann-Straße 5, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Plant Methods. 2024 Oct 25;20(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s13007-024-01283-3.
The use of renewable energy for sustainable and climate-neutral electricity production is increasing worldwide. High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission via underground cables helps connect large production sides with consumer regions. In Germany, almost 5,000 km of new power line projects is planned, with an initial start date of 2038 or earlier. During transmission, heat is emitted to the surrounding soil, but the effects of the emitted heat on root growth and yield of the overlying crop plants remain uncertain and must be investigated.
For this purpose, we designed and constructed a low-cost large HeAted soiL-Monolith (HAL-M) model for simulating heat flow within soil with a natural composition and density. We could observe root growth, soil temperature and soil water content over an extended period. We performed a field trial-type experiment involving three-part crop rotation in a greenhouse. We showed that under the simulated conditions, heat emission could reduce the yield and root growth depending on the crop type and soil.
This experimental design could serve as a low-cost, fast and reliable standard for investigating thermal issues related to various soil compositions and types, precipitation regimes and crop plants affected by similar projects. Beyond our research question, the HAL-M technique could serve as a link between pot and field trials with the advantages of both approaches. This method could enrich many research areas with the aim of controlling natural soil and plant conditions.
在全球范围内，利用可再生能源实现可持续和气候中和的电力生产正在增加。通过地下电缆进行的高压直流（HVDC）输电有助于将大型生产基地与消费地区连接起来。在德国，计划新建近5000公里的电力线路项目，初步开工日期为2038年或更早。在输电过程中，热量会散发到周围土壤中，但散发的热量对上层作物根系生长和产量的影响仍不确定，必须进行研究。
为此，我们设计并构建了一种低成本的大型加热土壤单体（HAL-M）模型，用于模拟具有自然成分和密度的土壤中的热流。我们可以在较长时间内观察根系生长、土壤温度和土壤含水量。我们在温室中进行了一项涉及三部分作物轮作的田间试验类型的实验。我们表明，在模拟条件下，热量散发会根据作物类型和土壤降低产量和根系生长。
这种实验设计可以作为一种低成本、快速且可靠的标准，用于研究与受类似项目影响的各种土壤成分和类型、降水模式及作物相关的热问题。除了我们的研究问题之外，HAL-M技术可以作为盆栽试验和田间试验之间的桥梁，兼具两种方法的优点。这种方法可以丰富许多旨在控制自然土壤和植物条件的研究领域。
