Medical School, Tiradentes University Center, Maceió 57038-000, Brazil.
Department of Orthopedics, FC Sports Traumatology, Salvador 40296-210, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 21;25(20):11329. doi: 10.3390/ijms252011329.
The buffy-coat, a layer of leukocytes and platelets obtained from peripheral blood centrifugation, plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration and the modulation of inflammatory responses. This article explores the mechanisms of regenerative inflammation, highlighting the critical role of the buffy-coat in influencing macrophage polarization and its therapeutic potential. Macrophage polarization into M1 and M2 subtypes is pivotal in balancing inflammation and tissue repair, with M1 macrophages driving pro-inflammatory responses and M2 macrophages promoting tissue healing and regeneration. The buffy-coat's rich composition of progenitor cells, cytokines, and growth factors-such as interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β, and monocyte colony-stimulating factor-supports the transition from M1 to M2 macrophages, enhancing tissue repair and the resolution of inflammation. This dynamic interaction between buffy-coat components and macrophages opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies aimed at improving tissue regeneration and managing inflammatory conditions, particularly in musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis. Furthermore, the use of buffy-coat-derived therapies in conjunction with other regenerative modalities, such as platelet-rich plasma, holds promise for more effective clinical outcomes.
富含白细胞和血小板的白细胞层（即血浆层）是通过外周血离心获得的，在外周血离心获得的富含白细胞和血小板的白细胞层在组织再生和炎症反应调节中起着至关重要的作用。本文探讨了再生炎症的机制，强调了白细胞层在影响巨噬细胞极化及其治疗潜力方面的关键作用。巨噬细胞向 M1 和 M2 亚型的极化在平衡炎症和组织修复方面至关重要，其中 M1 巨噬细胞驱动促炎反应，而 M2 巨噬细胞促进组织愈合和再生。白细胞层丰富的祖细胞、细胞因子和生长因子组成，如白细胞介素-10、转化生长因子-β 和单核细胞集落刺激因子，支持 M1 向 M2 巨噬细胞的转化，增强组织修复和炎症消退。白细胞层成分与巨噬细胞之间的这种动态相互作用为旨在改善组织再生和管理炎症性疾病的治疗策略开辟了新的途径，特别是在骨关节炎等肌肉骨骼疾病中。此外，白细胞层衍生疗法与血小板丰富血浆等其他再生方式联合使用，有望获得更有效的临床效果。
