The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy.
Stem Cells Transl Med. 2023 Sep 15;12(9):576-587. doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szad043.
Wound healing is a complex process and encompasses a number of overlapping phases, during which coordinated inflammatory responses following tissue injury play dominant roles in triggering evolutionarily highly conserved principals governing tissue repair and regeneration. Among all nonimmune cells involved in the process, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are most intensely investigated and have been shown to play fundamental roles in orchestrating wound healing and regeneration through interaction with the ordered inflammatory processes. Despite recent progress and encouraging results, an informed view of the scope of this evolutionarily conserved biological process requires a clear understanding of the dynamic interplay between MSCs and the immune systems in the process of wound healing. In this review, we outline current insights into the ways in which MSCs sense and modulate inflammation undergoing the process of wound healing, highlighting the central role of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells during the interaction. We also draw attention to the specific effects of MSC-based therapy on different pathological wound healing. Finally, we discuss how ongoing scientific advances in MSCs could be efficiently translated into clinical strategies, focusing on the current limitations and gaps that remain to be overcome for achieving preferred functional tissue regeneration.
伤口愈合是一个复杂的过程，包括几个重叠的阶段，在此期间，组织损伤后的协调炎症反应在触发控制组织修复和再生的进化上高度保守的原则方面发挥主导作用。在涉及该过程的所有非免疫细胞中，间充质干细胞（MSCs）受到最深入的研究，并已被证明通过与有序的炎症过程相互作用，在协调伤口愈合和再生方面发挥着基本作用。尽管最近取得了进展和令人鼓舞的结果，但要了解这种进化上保守的生物学过程的范围，需要清楚地了解 MSCs 和免疫系统在伤口愈合过程中的动态相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们概述了目前对 MSCs 在伤口愈合过程中感知和调节炎症的方式的了解，强调了中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和 T 细胞在相互作用中的核心作用。我们还提请注意基于 MSC 的治疗对不同病理性伤口愈合的特定影响。最后，我们讨论了如何将 MSCs 领域的持续科学进展有效地转化为临床策略，重点关注在实现理想的功能性组织再生方面仍然需要克服的当前局限性和差距。
