Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.
Vegetable Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 21;25(20):11330. doi: 10.3390/ijms252011330.
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) are cell membrane channel proteins for calcium ions. They have been reported to play important roles in survival and in the responses to environmental factors in various plants. However, little is known about the CNGC family and its functions in luffa ( L.). In this study, a bioinformatics-based method was used to identify members of the gene family in . In total, 20 were detected, and they were grouped into five subfamilies (I, II, Ⅲ, IV-a, and IV-b) in a phylogenetic analysis with CNGCs from (20 ) and (17 ). The 20 genes were unevenly distributed on 11 of the 13 chromosomes in luffa, with none on Chromosomes 1 and 5. The members of each subfamily encoded proteins with highly conserved functional domains. An evolutionary analysis of CNGCs in luffa revealed three gene losses and a motif deletion. An examination of gene replication events during evolution indicated that two tandemly duplicated gene pairs were the primary driving force behind the evolution of the gene family. PlantCARE analyses of the promoter regions revealed various -regulatory elements, including those responsive to plant hormones (abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, and salicylic acid) and abiotic stresses (light, drought, and low temperature). The presence of these -acting elements suggested that the encoded CNGC proteins may be involved in stress responses, as well as growth and development. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses revealed tissue-specific expression patterns of in various plant parts (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruit) and the upregulation of some under low-temperature stress. To confirm the accuracy of the RNA-seq data, 10 cold-responsive genes were selected for verification by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. Under cold conditions, was highly upregulated (>50-fold increase in its transcript levels), and , , and were upregulated approximately 10-fold. Our findings provide new information about the evolution of the family in and provide insights into the functions of the encoded CNGC proteins.
环核苷酸门控离子通道（CNGCs）是细胞膜钙通道蛋白。据报道，它们在各种植物的存活和对环境因素的响应中发挥重要作用。然而，关于CNGC 家族及其在丝瓜（Luffa）中的功能知之甚少。在这项研究中，使用基于生物信息学的方法鉴定了 中的基因家族成员。总共检测到 20 个，它们在与 （20 个）和 （17 个）的 CNGC 进行系统发育分析时被分为五个亚家族（I、II、III、IV-a 和 IV-b）。20 个基因不均匀分布在丝瓜的 13 条染色体中的 11 条上，在染色体 1 和 5 上没有。每个亚家族的成员编码具有高度保守功能域的蛋白质。丝瓜 CNGC 的进化分析揭示了三个基因丢失和一个基序缺失。对进化过程中基因复制事件的研究表明，两个串联重复基因对是 基因家族进化的主要驱动力。对 启动子区域的 PlantCARE 分析显示，存在各种 调节元件，包括对植物激素（脱落酸、茉莉酸甲酯和水杨酸）和非生物胁迫（光、干旱和低温）有反应的元件。这些 作用元件的存在表明，编码的 CNGC 蛋白可能参与应激反应以及生长和发育。转录组测序（RNA-seq）分析显示，在各种植物组织（根、茎、叶、花和果实）中 具有组织特异性表达模式，并且在低温胁迫下一些 上调。为了确认 RNA-seq 数据的准确性，选择了 10 个冷响应 基因进行定量实时聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）分析。在低温条件下， 高度上调（其转录水平增加超过 50 倍）， 、 、 和 上调约 10 倍。我们的研究结果为 中 家族的进化提供了新信息，并深入了解了编码 CNGC 蛋白的功能。
