Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, Gutkowo 54B, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Al. Warszawska 117A, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Sep 28;15(10):1276. doi: 10.3390/genes15101276.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The effect of sodium butyrate (NaB), β-glucan (βG) and vitamins in the diet on gut microbiome, cortisol level, lysozyme activity and growth parameters of juvenile hybrid sturgeon (♀ × ♂) was determined.
Sturgeon hybrids ( = 144) were divided into three groups with enriched feeding (mg/kg of feed): FQV1 (50 NaB; 20 βG; const. vitamins), FQV2 (150 NaB; 20 βG; const. vitamins), FQV3 (50 NaB; 60 βG; const. vitamins) and control (not supplemented), each group in triplicate, 12 fish in each repetition. Rearing was carried out for 30 days in controlled conditions. Gut microbiome was characterized using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of DNA samples isolated from intestinal content. Cortisol level was determined using the ELISA test. Lysozyme activity was measured by turbidimetric test.
Based on data obtained from NGS, it was determined that the FQV1 group is characterized by the highest values of diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson and Chao-1) and the largest number of ASVs (Amplicon Sequence Variants). The highest abundance of probiotic bacteria (, ) was determined in the FQV1 group. The highest cortisol concentration was determined in the control (33.26 ng/mL), while the lowest was in FQV3 (27.75 ng/mL). The highest lysozyme activity was observed in FQV1 (154.64 U/mL), and the lowest in FQV2 (104.39 U/mL) and control (121.37 U/mL) ( < 0.05). FQV2 was characterized by significantly more favorable values of breeding indicators ( < 0.05).
The obtained results prove that an appropriate composition of NaB, βG and vitamins can be used in the commercial breeding of juvenile hybrid sturgeons.
背景/目的：本研究旨在确定丁酸（NaB）、β-葡聚糖（βG）和饮食中的维生素对幼龄杂交鲟（♀×♂）肠道微生物群、皮质醇水平、溶菌酶活性和生长参数的影响。
将 144 尾杂交鲟幼鱼分为三组，分别进行富营养化喂养（mg/kg 饲料）：FQV1（50 NaB；20 βG；常量维生素）、FQV2（150 NaB；20 βG；常量维生素）、FQV3（50 NaB；60 βG；常量维生素）和对照组（未补充），每组三个重复，每个重复 12 条鱼。在控制条件下进行 30 天的养殖。使用从肠内容物中分离的 DNA 样本的下一代测序（NGS）来描述肠道微生物组。使用 ELISA 测试来测定皮质醇水平。通过比浊法测量溶菌酶活性。
基于 NGS 获得的数据，确定 FQV1 组的多样性指数（香农、辛普森和 Chao-1）和 ASVs（扩增子序列变异）数量最高。在 FQV1 组中，确定了最高数量的益生菌（，）。对照组（33.26ng/mL）的皮质醇浓度最高，而 FQV3 组（27.75ng/mL）的皮质醇浓度最低。在 FQV1 组中观察到最高的溶菌酶活性（154.64U/mL），而在 FQV2 组（104.39U/mL）和对照组（121.37U/mL）中观察到最低的溶菌酶活性（<0.05）。FQV2 组的养殖指标值明显更有利（<0.05）。
研究结果证明，适当组成的 NaB、βG 和维生素可用于商业养殖幼龄杂交鲟。
