Pączek Sara, Zajkowska Monika, Mroczko Barbara
Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15 A, Waszyngtona St., 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
Biomedicines. 2024 Oct 4;12(10):2260. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12102260.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite the emergence of new possibilities that offer hope regarding the successful treatment of these cancers, they still represent a significant global health burden. These cancers can arise from various cell types within the gastrointestinal tract and may exhibit different characteristics, behaviors, and treatment approaches. Both the prognosis and the outcomes of GI treatment remain problematic because these tumors are primarily diagnosed in advanced clinical stages. Current biomarkers exhibit limited sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, when developing strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of GI cancers, it is of fundamental importance to discover new biomarkers capable of addressing the challenges of early-stage diagnosis and the presence of lymph node metastases. Pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) has garnered interest due to its inhibitory effects on the migration and proliferation of cancer cells. This protein has been suggested to be involved in various inflammation-related diseases, including cancer, through various mechanisms. It was also observed that reducing the level of PEDF is sufficient to trigger an inflammatory response. This suggests that PEDF is an endogenous anti-inflammatory factor. Overall, PEDF is a versatile protein with diverse biological functions that span across different tissues and organ systems. Its multifaceted activities make it an intriguing target for therapeutic interventions in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders. This review, for the first time, summarizes the role of PEDF in the pathogenesis of selected GI cancers and its potential utility in early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies for this malignancy.
胃肠道（GI）癌症是全球主要的死亡原因之一。尽管出现了一些新的可能性，为这些癌症的成功治疗带来了希望，但它们仍然是一项重大的全球健康负担。这些癌症可起源于胃肠道内的各种细胞类型，可能表现出不同的特征、行为和治疗方法。由于这些肿瘤主要在临床晚期被诊断出来，胃肠道癌症治疗的预后和结果仍然存在问题。目前的生物标志物敏感性和特异性有限。因此，在制定胃肠道癌症的诊断和治疗策略时，发现能够应对早期诊断挑战和淋巴结转移问题的新生物标志物至关重要。色素上皮衍生因子（PEDF）因其对癌细胞迁移和增殖的抑制作用而受到关注。有人提出，这种蛋白质通过多种机制参与包括癌症在内的各种炎症相关疾病。还观察到，降低PEDF水平足以引发炎症反应。这表明PEDF是一种内源性抗炎因子。总体而言，PEDF是一种多功能蛋白质，具有跨越不同组织和器官系统的多种生物学功能。其多方面的活性使其成为包括癌症、神经退行性疾病和代谢紊乱在内的各种疾病治疗干预的一个有趣靶点。本综述首次总结了PEDF在特定胃肠道癌症发病机制中的作用及其在这种恶性肿瘤的早期诊断、预后和治疗策略中的潜在效用。
