Bian Liwen, Di Zhaoyang, Xu Mengya, Tao Yuhan, Yu Fangyuan, Jiang Qingyan, Yin Yulong, Zhang Lin
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Oct 14;14(20):2955. doi: 10.3390/ani14202955.
Adipose tissue plays an important role in pig production efficiency. Studies have shown that postnatal development has a vital impact on adipose tissue; however, the mechanisms behind pig adipose tissue early-life programming remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomes of the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of 1-day and 21-day old Laiwu piglets. The results showed that the SAT of Laiwu piglets significantly increased from 1-day to 21-day, and transcriptome analysis showed that there were 2352 and 2596 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 1-day and 21-day SAT in male and female piglets, respectively. Expression of genes in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycogen metabolism such as pyruvate kinase M1/2 (), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase 1 () and amylo-alpha-1, 6-glucosidase, 4-alpha-glucanotransferase () were significantly different between 1-day and 21-day SAT. Genes in lipid uptake, synthesis and lipolysis such as lipase E (), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (), Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 () were also differentially expressed. Functional analysis showed enrichment of DEGs in transcriptional regulation, protein metabolism and cellular signal transduction. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of these DEGs were analyzed and potential hub genes in these pathways were identified, such as transcriptional factors forkhead box O4 (), CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta () and CCAAT enhancer binding protein delta (), signal kinases BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase () and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (), and proteostasis-related factors ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 C () and cathepsin D (). Moreover, we further analyzed the transcriptomes of SAT between genders and the results showed that there were 54 and 72 DEGs in 1-day and 21-day old SAT, respectively. Genes such as and showed gender-specific expression in 1-day and 21-day SAT. These results showed the significant changes in SAT between 1-day and 21-day in male and female Laiwu pigs, which would provide information to comprehensively understand the programming of adipose tissue early development and to regulate adipose tissue function.
脂肪组织在猪的生产效率中起着重要作用。研究表明，出生后的发育对脂肪组织有至关重要的影响；然而，猪脂肪组织早期发育编程背后的机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们分析了1日龄和21日龄莱芜仔猪皮下脂肪组织（SAT）的转录组。结果表明，莱芜仔猪的SAT从1日龄到21日龄显著增加，转录组分析显示，雄性和雌性仔猪1日龄和21日龄SAT之间分别有2352个和2596个差异表达基因（DEG）。1日龄和21日龄SAT之间，糖酵解、糖异生和糖原代谢相关基因如丙酮酸激酶M1/2（）、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶1（）和淀粉α-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶、4-α-葡聚糖转移酶（）的表达存在显著差异。脂肪摄取、合成和脂解相关基因如脂肪酶E（）、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α（）、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶（）和3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A合酶1（）也有差异表达。功能分析表明DEG在转录调控、蛋白质代谢和细胞信号转导中富集。对这些DEG的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络进行了分析，并确定了这些途径中的潜在枢纽基因，如转录因子叉头框O4（）、CCAAT增强子结合蛋白β（）和CCAAT增强子结合蛋白δ（）、信号激酶BUB1有丝分裂检查点丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶（）和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶1（），以及蛋白质稳态相关因子泛素结合酶E2 C（）和组织蛋白酶D（）。此外，我们进一步分析了不同性别间SAT的转录组，结果显示1日龄和21日龄SAT中分别有54个和72个DEG。和等基因在1日龄和21日龄SAT中表现出性别特异性表达。这些结果表明，莱芜猪雄性和雌性1日龄和21日龄SAT之间存在显著变化，这将为全面了解脂肪组织早期发育的编程和调节脂肪组织功能提供信息。
