Zhong Wenjie, Chen Chuangsi, Tan Senyue, He Xianda, Wen Xiaobo, Wang Shuqi, Tocher Douglas R, Waiho Khor, Chen Cuiying
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Oct 15;14(20):2969. doi: 10.3390/ani14202969.
In mammals, fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) plays important roles in cellular uptake and activation of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), especially in processes of transportation, oxidation and triacylglycerol synthesis. However, the role of FATP1 in invertebrates, especially decapod crustaceans, is still poorly understood. In this study, the cDNA of a FATP1 gene from a decapod crustacean, mud crab , was cloned and functionally characterized. The FATP1 gene encoded a polypeptide consisting of 643 amino acids that exhibits all the typical features of the FATP family and shares high homology with the other FATP orthologs of crustaceans. The relative mRNA expression levels of were observed to be higher in metabolically active tissues such as hepatopancreas, stomach and gill than in other crab parts. Knockdown of the mRNA in vivo significantly reduced triacylglycerols and total lipid levels in the hepatopancreas, accompanied by an increase in the expression of genes related to fatty acid transportation, allocation and hydrolysis, including long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3/4 () and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (), and a decrease in the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase () and fatty acid synthase () in the hepatopancreas. Furthermore, increased dietary n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) levels resulted in the up-regulation of the expression in the hepatopancreas, accompanied by an increase in LC-PUFA content, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), in both polar (PLs) and neutral lipids (NLs) in the hepatopancreas and muscles of crabs. These findings suggested that the FATP1 gene identified in might play important roles in regulating long-chain fatty acid metabolism and deposition in crustaceans.
在哺乳动物中，脂肪酸转运蛋白1（FATP1）在细胞摄取和长链脂肪酸（LCFA）激活过程中发挥重要作用，尤其在运输、氧化和三酰甘油合成过程中。然而，FATP1在无脊椎动物，特别是十足目甲壳类动物中的作用仍知之甚少。在本研究中，克隆并对来自十足目甲壳类动物青蟹的FATP1基因cDNA进行了功能表征。FATP1基因编码一个由643个氨基酸组成的多肽，该多肽具有FATP家族的所有典型特征，并且与甲壳类动物的其他FATP直系同源物具有高度同源性。观察到其在肝胰腺、胃和鳃等代谢活跃组织中的相对mRNA表达水平高于青蟹的其他部位。体内敲低该mRNA可显著降低肝胰腺中的三酰甘油和总脂质水平，同时肝胰腺中与脂肪酸运输、分配和水解相关的基因（包括长链酰基辅酶A合成酶3/4（ACSL3/4）和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1（CPT1））的表达增加，而与脂肪酸合成相关的基因（如乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）和脂肪酸合酶（FAS））的表达减少。此外，增加日粮中n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）水平会导致肝胰腺中该基因表达上调，同时青蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中极性脂质（PLs）和中性脂质（NLs）中的LC-PUFA含量增加，尤其是二十碳五烯酸（EPA，20:5n-3）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，22:6n-3）。这些发现表明，在青蟹中鉴定出的FATP1基因可能在调节甲壳类动物长链脂肪酸代谢和沉积中发挥重要作用。
