Galván-Ramírez María de la Luz, Soto-Hernández Eber Eduardo, Bojórquez-Pérez Rocío
Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Escuela de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80050, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2024 Oct 21;12(10):2106. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12102106.
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the intracellular protozoan , which has infected a third of the global population. Immunocompromised individuals and children with congenital disorders are most likely to be impacted by toxoplasmosis, and accurate diagnosis is essential. Toxoplasmosis is associated with HIV, schizophrenia, and diabetes. However, few studies have analyzed the association with other microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of coinfection of with other pathogens. From November 1997 to June 2024, PubMed, Science Direct, LAT index, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Research Gate were searched. The keywords used were " and microorganism coinfection", " coinfection and parasites", " coinfection and Protozoans or Bacteria or Helminths or Nematodes or Trematodes or Mycobacterium", " in coinfection with virus", and "Human Toxoplasmosis and coinfection". Next, OpenMeta Analyst Software version 12.11 was used for meta-analysis, creating forest plots, and determining heterogeneity I. A total of 17,535 patients in 48 articles, of whom 5848 were seropositive to , were included in this review. Population studies showed that the prevalence of virus infection was most frequent (32%), followed by parasites (18.4%), bacteria (29.7%), and fungi (5.8%). The pooled prevalence of coinfection was found to be 29.1%, with a lower bound of 0.232, an upper bound of 0.350, a standard error of 0.030, and < 0.001. Heterogeneity (I) was 99.12%, < 0.001, with a global variance tau2 = 0.042. is an opportunist that mainly affects immunocompromised populations. The main coinfections were found to be viral infections, with HIV ranking first, followed by cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and C, rubella, herpes simplex 1 and 2, SARS-CoV-2, and coxsackie virus.
弓形虫病是一种由细胞内原生动物引起的疾病，全球三分之一的人口已受其感染。免疫功能低下的个体和患有先天性疾病的儿童最易受到弓形虫病的影响，准确诊断至关重要。弓形虫病与艾滋病、精神分裂症和糖尿病有关。然而，很少有研究分析其与其他微生物的关联。本研究的目的是确定弓形虫与其他病原体合并感染的患病率。检索了1997年11月至2024年6月期间的PubMed、Science Direct、LAT索引、科学网、谷歌学术和Research Gate。使用的关键词有“弓形虫与微生物合并感染”、“合并感染与寄生虫”、“合并感染与原生动物或细菌或蠕虫或线虫或吸虫或分枝杆菌”、“与病毒合并感染中的弓形虫”以及“人类弓形虫病与合并感染”。接下来，使用OpenMeta Analyst软件12.11版进行荟萃分析，绘制森林图，并确定异质性I。本综述纳入了48篇文章中的17535名患者，其中5848人弓形虫血清学呈阳性。人群研究表明，病毒感染的患病率最高（32%），其次是寄生虫（18.4%）、细菌（29.7%）和真菌（5.8%）。合并感染的汇总患病率为29.1%，下限为0.232，上限为0.350，标准误为0.030，P<0.001。异质性（I）为99.12%，P<0.001，全局方差tau2 = 0.042。弓形虫是一种机会性病原体，主要影响免疫功能低下人群。主要的合并感染为病毒感染，艾滋病病毒居首，其次是巨细胞病毒、乙型和丙型肝炎病毒、风疹病毒、单纯疱疹病毒1型和2型、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型和柯萨奇病毒。
