Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea.
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 17;16(20):3524. doi: 10.3390/nu16203524.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption on metabolic disorders (e.g., adiposity, metabolic associated steatotic liver disease [MASLD], and insulin resistance) in children and adolescents with obesity to improve dietary guidelines and public health strategies.
The dietary intake of 149 participants (aged 8-17 years) was assessed with food diaries. The NOVA classification system was used to classify food according to the degree of processing. Metabolic outcomes, including the fat mass index (FMI), hepatic fat percentage, and insulin resistance, were measured via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), and biochemical analysis, respectively.
Greater UPF consumption from baseline to the 6-month follow-up was significantly associated with increased insulin and decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. UPF consumption was positively associated with the prevalence of MASLD (liver MRI-PDFF ≥ 5%; odds ratio = 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 3.00), moderate-to-severe MASLD (liver MRI-PDFF ≥ 10%; OR = 4.19; 95% CI 1.72, 10.22), and insulin resistance (OR = 2.44; 95% CI 1.33, 4.48), after adjusting for covariates. A linear dose-response relationship was observed between UPF consumption and the odds of moderate-to-severe MASLD and insulin resistance.
Greater UPF consumption was strongly associated with MASLD and insulin resistance in children and adolescents with obesity, underscoring the importance of reducing UPF consumption through dietary guidelines and public health interventions to mitigate the risk of obesity-related metabolic conditions in young populations.
背景/目的：我们研究了超加工食品（UPF）的消费对肥胖儿童和青少年代谢紊乱（如肥胖、代谢相关脂肪性肝病[MASLD]和胰岛素抵抗）的影响，以改善饮食指南和公共卫生策略。
通过食物日记评估 149 名参与者（年龄 8-17 岁）的饮食摄入情况。使用 NOVA 分类系统根据加工程度对食物进行分类。通过双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）、磁共振成像质子密度脂肪分数（MRI-PDFF）和生化分析分别测量代谢结果，包括脂肪质量指数（FMI）、肝脂肪百分比和胰岛素抵抗。
从基线到 6 个月随访期间，UPF 摄入量的增加与胰岛素的增加和总胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇的降低显著相关。UPF 摄入量与 MASLD 的患病率（肝 MRI-PDFF≥5%；优势比[OR]=1.75；95%置信区间[CI]1.03,3.00）、中重度 MASLD（肝 MRI-PDFF≥10%；OR=4.19；95%CI1.72,10.22）和胰岛素抵抗（OR=2.44；95%CI1.33,4.48）呈正相关，在调整了协变量后。观察到 UPF 摄入量与中重度 MASLD 和胰岛素抵抗的可能性之间存在线性剂量反应关系。
在肥胖儿童和青少年中，UPF 摄入量与 MASLD 和胰岛素抵抗密切相关，这强调了通过饮食指南和公共卫生干预措施减少 UPF 摄入量以减轻年轻人群肥胖相关代谢疾病风险的重要性。
