Bamatov Ibragim, Perevertin Kirill, Vasilyeva Nadezda
V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Moscow 119017, Russia.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Oct 21;16(20):2950. doi: 10.3390/polym16202950.
Polymer-modified fertilizers (PMFs) with prolonged nutrient release present a promising solution to address the challenges associated with conventional fertilization practices, particularly for sensitive crops such as strawberries. This study investigates the effectiveness of biodegradable PMFs in maintaining nutrient availability at optimal levels while minimizing root burn and nutrient losses. In a factorial field experiment, we obtaineda total of 3780 sets of parallel measured time series for soil EC, moisture, and temperature as well as two sets of harvest data to evaluate the impact of varying concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on the nutrient release rates from complex NPK fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate. Results indicate that polymer modifications significantly slow down nutrient release, leading to optimal salt levels and maximizing yield while remaining low enough to prevent the risk of root burn (EC of soil solution below 1 mS/cm). Consequently, the application of PMFs enhances strawberry yield surplus (on average 2.8 times in the second harvest) by ensuring a steady supply of nutrients throughout the growing season without inducing stress, which reduces the yield by nearly half. This research provides valuable insights into the development of more effective fertilization strategies for strawberry cultivation and other sensitive crops using PMFs.
具有延长养分释放功能的聚合物改性肥料（PMFs）为应对传统施肥方式带来的挑战提供了一个有前景的解决方案，特别是对于草莓等敏感作物。本研究调查了可生物降解的PMFs在将养分有效性维持在最佳水平同时，使烧根和养分损失最小化方面的有效性。在一项析因田间试验中，我们总共获得了3780组关于土壤电导率、湿度和温度的平行测量时间序列以及两组收获数据，以评估不同浓度的聚乙烯醇（PVA）对复合氮磷钾肥料和磷酸一铵养分释放速率的影响。结果表明，聚合物改性显著减缓了养分释放，导致盐分水平最佳且产量最大化，同时保持足够低以防止烧根风险（土壤溶液电导率低于1 mS/cm）。因此，通过在整个生长季节确保养分的稳定供应而不引发胁迫，PMFs的施用提高了草莓产量盈余（第二次收获时平均为2.8倍），否则产量会降低近一半。本研究为利用PMFs为草莓种植和其他敏感作物制定更有效的施肥策略提供了有价值的见解。
