Prisa Domenico, Fresco Roberto, Jamal Aftab, Saeed Muhammad Farhan, Spagnuolo Damiano
CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via Dei Fiori 8, 51012 Pescia, Italy.
CREA Research Centre for Engineering and Agri-Food Transformation, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via della Pascolare 16, 00016 Monterotondo, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2024 Oct 3;14(10):1263. doi: 10.3390/life14101263.
Marine macroalgae, which typically colonize coastal areas, are simple plant organisms. They live on rocks in coastal regions and are classified into red, brown, and green macroalgae. These algae are an important natural resource in agriculture due to their ability to enhance the structural, chemical, and biological properties of soil. Marine macroalgae can be used to produce various biocidal molecules that are effective in controlling plant pathogens. Much of the literature on marine macroalgae and their derivatives focuses primarily on the pharmaceutical field, while their use in agriculture is still considered secondary. However, various studies and experiments have demonstrated their potential to play a significant role in crop protection and enhancement. This review aims to highlight the various applications of macroalgae in plant production. It also emphasizes the biotechnological importance of marine macroalgae derivatives as biofertilizers, molecules for controlling insects and microorganisms, and as plant growth conditioners. Compounds from macroalgae, such as fatty acids, carotenoids, polyphenols, and carbohydrates, are being investigated for their fungicidal, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects against various plant pathogens. Beyond enhancing crop production, macroalgae can also be considered multifunctional bioinoculants suitable for use in organic farming.
海洋大型藻类是简单的植物有机体，通常生长在沿海地区。它们生活在沿海区域的岩石上，分为红藻、褐藻和绿藻。由于这些藻类能够改善土壤的结构、化学和生物学特性，因此它们是农业领域的一种重要自然资源。海洋大型藻类可用于生产各种对控制植物病原体有效的杀生物分子。关于海洋大型藻类及其衍生物的许多文献主要集中在制药领域，而它们在农业中的应用仍被视为次要的。然而，各种研究和实验表明，它们在作物保护和增产方面具有巨大潜力。这篇综述旨在突出大型藻类在植物生产中的各种应用。它还强调了海洋大型藻类衍生物作为生物肥料、控制昆虫和微生物的分子以及植物生长调节剂的生物技术重要性。来自大型藻类的化合物，如脂肪酸、类胡萝卜素、多酚和碳水化合物，正在被研究它们对各种植物病原体的杀菌、抗菌和抗病毒作用。除了提高作物产量外，大型藻类还可被视为适用于有机农业的多功能生物接种剂。
