Johnson E M, Gabel B E, Christian M S, Sica E
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;82(2):323-8. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(86)90208-5.
Two laboratories tested multiple forms of xylene for their developmental toxicity hazard potential (A/D ratio) by means of the hydra assay. The three isomers, as well as a solution of mixed xylenes, all interfered with development (D) at or near to concentrations that also were toxic to adult (A) hydra. The A/D ratios ranged from 1 to 2 in hydra as they had in conventional tests made in pregnant laboratory animals. Each testing laboratory concluded that xylenes were not primary developmental hazards but coaffective agents capable of disrupting development only at or near to concentrations also toxic to adults. In each instance every xylene tested interfered with the same stage or developmental sequence and in a concentration-related manner. The hydra assay may be useful for establishing priorities to test agents in a more elaborate system, but substances less soluble than xylene may exceed the test's applicability.
两个实验室通过水螅试验，对多种形式的二甲苯的发育毒性危害潜力（A/D 比值）进行了测试。三种异构体以及混合二甲苯溶液，在对成年水螅（A）有毒的浓度或接近该浓度时，均干扰了发育（D）。水螅中的 A/D 比值范围为 1 至 2，与在怀孕实验动物中进行的传统测试中的比值相同。每个测试实验室都得出结论，二甲苯不是主要的发育危害物质，而是仅在对成年动物有毒的浓度或接近该浓度时才能够干扰发育的协同作用剂。在每种情况下，所测试的每种二甲苯均以浓度相关的方式干扰相同的阶段或发育序列。水螅试验对于在更精细的系统中确定测试试剂的优先级可能有用，但溶解度低于二甲苯的物质可能超出该试验的适用范围。
