Cannataro Roberto, Abrego-Guandique Diana Marisol, Straface Natascia, Cione Erika
Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
Research Division, Dynamical Business & Science Society-DBSS International SAS, Bogotá 110311, Colombia.
Life (Basel). 2024 Oct 16;14(10):1315. doi: 10.3390/life14101315.
Inflammation is expected in sports, especially when practiced at a high level. The human body is pushed toward its limit, and this is perceived as a "stressogenic agent". Athletes, especially elite ones, desire it because their bodies can react with super-compensation, i.e., improve muscle mass, strength, speed, resistance, and, therefore, athletic performance. Thus, the inflammatory stimuli should be there during training but also counteracted to have the body placed in the optimal conditions for reacting with super-compensation. In this sense, omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to have anti-inflammatory biochemical activity. In this review, we will present the biochemical mechanisms of action of omega-3 fatty acids through their mediators, specialized pro-resolving mediators, which have anti-inflammatory activity. A focus will be on studies on omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in sports, and we will provide indications for possible practical applications and future studies, which are undoubtedly necessary to clarify the omega-3 fatty acids used in sports practice.
运动中出现炎症是预料之中的事，尤其是在进行高水平运动时。人体被推向极限，这被视为一种“应激源”。运动员，尤其是精英运动员，渴望这种状态，因为他们的身体能够通过超量恢复做出反应，也就是说，增加肌肉量、力量、速度、耐力，进而提高运动表现。因此，训练期间炎症刺激应该存在，但也需要加以对抗，以便让身体处于能通过超量恢复做出反应的最佳状态。从这个意义上说，ω-3脂肪酸已被证明具有抗炎生化活性。在这篇综述中，我们将阐述ω-3脂肪酸通过其介质——具有抗炎活性的专门促消退介质——发挥作用的生化机制。重点将放在运动中补充ω-3脂肪酸的研究上，我们将为可能的实际应用和未来研究提供指导，这些研究对于阐明运动实践中使用的ω-3脂肪酸无疑是必要的。
