State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Ecological Regulation of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Department of Plant Quarantine, Shanghai Extension and Service Center of Agriculture Technology, Shanghai 201103, China.
Viruses. 2024 Oct 16;16(10):1619. doi: 10.3390/v16101619.
, the causative agent of fire blight, causes significant economic losses for farmers worldwide by inflicting severe damage to the production and quality of plants in the Rosaceae family. Historically, fire blight control has primarily relied on the application of copper compounds and antibiotics, such as streptomycin. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and growing environmental concerns have highlighted the need for alternative control methods. Recently, there has been a growing interest in adopting bacteriophages (phages) as a biological control strategy. Phages have demonstrated efficacy against the bacterial plant pathogen , including strains that have developed antibiotic resistance. The advantages of phage therapy includes its minimal impact on microbial community equilibrium, the lack of a detrimental impact on plants and beneficial microorganisms, and its capacity to eradicate drug-resistant bacteria. This review addresses recent advances in the isolation and characterization of phages, including their morphology, host range, lysis exertion, genomic characterization, and lysis mechanisms. Furthermore, this review evaluates the environmental tolerance of phages. Despite their potential, phages face certain challenges in practical applications, including stability issues and the risk of lysogenic conversion. This comprehensive review examines the latest developments in the application of phages for controlling fire blight and highlights the potential of phages in plant protection strategies.
丁香假单胞菌（Pseudomonas syringae）是引发火疫病的病原体，会严重破坏蔷薇科植物的生产和质量，给全世界的农民造成巨大的经济损失。历史上，火疫病的防治主要依赖于铜化合物和抗生素（如链霉素）的应用。然而，抗生素耐药菌株的出现以及日益增长的环境问题，突显了寻找替代控制方法的必要性。最近，人们越来越关注采用噬菌体（phages）作为一种生物防治策略。噬菌体已被证明对细菌性植物病原体丁香假单胞菌有效，包括对抗生素产生耐药性的菌株。噬菌体疗法的优势在于其对微生物群落平衡的影响最小，对植物和有益微生物没有不利影响，并且能够消灭耐药菌。本综述介绍了最近在噬菌体的分离和特性研究方面的进展，包括它们的形态、宿主范围、裂解作用、基因组特征和裂解机制。此外，本综述还评估了噬菌体的环境耐受性。尽管噬菌体具有潜力，但在实际应用中它们仍面临一些挑战，包括稳定性问题和溶原性转换的风险。本综述全面探讨了噬菌体在控制火疫病方面的最新应用进展，并强调了噬菌体在植物保护策略中的潜力。
