Song Xin, Li Yongfeng, Wu Hongxia, Qiu Huaji, Sun Yuan
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Oct 17;12(10):1181. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12101181.
With the development of novel vaccine strategies, T-cell epitope-based vaccines have become promising prophylactic and therapeutic tools against infectious diseases that cannot be controlled via traditional vaccines. T-cell epitope-based vaccines leverage specific immunogenic peptides to elicit protective T-cell responses against infectious pathogens. Compared to traditional vaccines, they provide superior efficacy and safety, minimizing the risk of adverse side effects. In this review, we summarized and compared the prediction and identification methods of T-cell epitopes. By integrating bioinformatic prediction and experimental validation, efficient and precise screening of T-cell epitopes can be achieved. Importantly, we delved into the development approaches to diverse T-cell epitope-based vaccines, comparing their merits and demerits, as well as discussing the prevalent challenges and perspectives in their applications. This review offers fresh perspectives for the formulation of safe and efficacious epitope-based vaccines for the devastating diseases against which no vaccines are currently available.
随着新型疫苗策略的发展，基于T细胞表位的疫苗已成为对抗无法通过传统疫苗控制的传染病的有前景的预防和治疗工具。基于T细胞表位的疫苗利用特定的免疫原性肽来引发针对感染性病原体的保护性T细胞反应。与传统疫苗相比，它们具有更高的效力和安全性，将不良副作用的风险降至最低。在本综述中，我们总结并比较了T细胞表位的预测和鉴定方法。通过整合生物信息学预测和实验验证，可以实现对T细胞表位的高效精确筛选。重要的是，我们深入探讨了多种基于T细胞表位的疫苗的开发方法，比较了它们的优缺点，并讨论了其应用中普遍存在的挑战和前景。本综述为针对目前尚无疫苗的毁灭性疾病制定安全有效的基于表位的疫苗提供了新的视角。
