Development of a Cost-Effective and High-Fidelity Gel Model for Peripheral Ultrasound-Guided Intravenous Access Training.

Introduction Simulation tools are crucial in medical education but current commercial models for ultrasound-guided intravenous (IV) access lack complexity and can be prohibitively expensive. This article proposes a cost-effective gel model system that replicates realistic vein and artery interactions, addressing the limitations of traditional models. An advanced gelatin model was constructed that incorporates intricate vein and artery configurations and enhances medical training by providing a more authentic experience. Patient testing will further validate its efficacy, promising improved accessibility for skill refinement in resource-constrained environments. Methods In a controlled study at the Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 12 medical students with limited ultrasound experience participated in a workshop using novel and Blue Phantom™ models for ultrasound-guided IV catheter placement. The advanced gelatin model, created with Ziplock™ Tupperware®, ultrasonography gel-filled balloons, and gelatin, proved more effective, as assessed by participants' post-training comfort levels. The comparison of participants' pre- and post-training comfort levels with the models was the primary study objective. Participants were asked to complete a confidence survey based on a five-point Likert scale, and after using both models, this survey was re-administered to assess the participant's level of comfort after model use. The statistical analysis comparison of post-training survey data to the pre-training survey data was accomplished using SPSS version 29 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY), where a paired t-test was set at a significance threshold of p <0.05.  Results Analysis of data from both commercially made and advanced ultrasound-guided IV models using a paired t-test revealed a significant advantage for the advanced model. Participants, despite limited ultrasound experience, reported feeling over 4 points higher in skill confidence (p = 0.004) with the advanced model. Its popularity stems from diverse vasculature modeling, proving effective for both experienced practitioners and inexperienced individuals, maintaining value as user skill levels increase. Conclusion This study proposes an advanced model for ultrasound-guided peripheral IV access training, demonstrating a statistically significant increase in confidence levels. Despite limitations such as small sample size and single-site participation, the advanced model's adaptability and cost-effectiveness make it a strong contender for replacing current commercial models, potentially enhancing proficiency and confidence while reducing costs.