Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland.
Institute of Social Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 19;20(3):1877. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031877.
Pro-health behaviours are related to a person's personal resources. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between satisfaction with life (SWL), nutritional behaviours, somatic indices, and functional efficiency of senior women. The research was conducted among 120 women aged 60-84 (Me = 65) participating in the "Healthy Active Senior" project at the University of Physical Education in Kraków. The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the proprietary validated questionnaire of nutritional behaviour were used. Body composition was assessed using the method of bioelectrical impedance (TANITA SC-330ST analyser), while physical fitness was evaluated via the Senior Fitness test (Fullerton Functional Fitness Test). Correlations between the variables were measured by implementing Spearman's R signed-rank correlation coefficients (with < 0.05). Positive correlations between SWL and selected nutrition behaviours have been demonstrated, including eating 5-6 meals ( < 0.001) and drinking at least 2 litres of fluids a day ( = 0.023), consuming cereal products daily, including whole-grains ( = 0.001), avoiding alcoholic beverages ( = 0.030), and applying vitamin D supplementation ( = 0.010). At the same time, negative correlations between SWL and limiting the consumption of red as well as processed meats ( = 0.002), animal fats ( = 0.046), and the preference for vegetable oils in one's diet ( = 0.023) were shown. Significant correlations between satisfaction with life and two indicators of functional fitness were also confirmed: negative-with the variable '2.44-m Get-Up and Go' ( = 0.003); and positive-with the '2-Minute Step in Place' test ( = 0.034). The relationships between SWL and somatic indices did not reach the level of statistical significance. Among the women participating in the "Healthy Active Senior" programme, correlations between SWL and rational nutritional behaviours, as well as indices of functional fitness, were found (mostly positive), while the trends in these areas were not fully unambiguous, suggesting the validity of conducting further research.
促进健康的行为与个人的资源有关。本研究的目的是评估生活满意度（SWL）、营养行为、躯体指数和老年女性功能效率之间的关系。研究对象为参加克拉科夫体育大学“健康活跃老年人”项目的 120 名 60-84 岁（平均年龄 65 岁）的女性。采用生活满意度量表（SWLS）和专门的营养行为验证问卷进行研究。身体成分采用生物电阻抗法（TANITA SC-330ST 分析仪）评估，身体适应性通过老年人体能测试（Fullerton 功能适应性测试）进行评估。采用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数（ < 0.05）测量变量之间的相关性。研究表明，SWL 与某些营养行为呈正相关，包括每天进食 5-6 餐（ < 0.001）和每天至少饮用 2 升液体（ = 0.023）、每天食用谷物产品，包括全谷物（ = 0.001）、避免饮酒（ = 0.030）和补充维生素 D（ = 0.010）。同时，SWL 与限制食用红肉和加工肉（ = 0.002）、动物脂肪（ = 0.046）以及偏爱食用植物油（ = 0.023）呈负相关。生活满意度与两种功能适应性指标也存在显著相关性：与“2.44 米起身行走”指标呈负相关（ = 0.003），与“2 分钟原地踏步”呈正相关（ = 0.034）。SWL 与躯体指数之间的关系未达到统计学意义。在参加“健康活跃老年人”项目的女性中，发现生活满意度与合理的营养行为以及功能适应性指标之间存在相关性（多为正相关），尽管这些领域的趋势并不完全明确，但仍表明进一步研究的有效性。
