Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 27;14(1):25650. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75352-x.
ApoB insertion/deletion (ins/del) genetic variant (rs11279109) is thought to be related to cardio-metabolic markers and obesity. This association has the potential to be modified by dietary patterns. Since the majority of studies concerned the role of dietary acid load (DAL) or ApoB in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications independently, and due to the insufficient data regarding the possible interactions between ApoB genetic variants and DAL on anthropometric and metabolic markers, we aimed to study the interaction between this genetic variant and dietary acid load (DAL) on cardio-metabolic markers, along with leptin among Iranian individuals with T2DM. 700 T2DM patients were randomly recruited. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for DAL calculation including potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net-endogenous acid production (NEAP). The polymerase chain reaction was used for genotyping the ApoB ins/del (rs11279109). The general linear model was applied to find the interactions in the crude and adjusted models. Patients with del/del genotype (rs11279109) with high PRAL intake have lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.004), LDL/HDL ratio (P = 0.02), total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.04), triglyceride (TG) (P = 0.04), leptin (P = 0.04) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) (P = 0.04). Moreover, the interaction of gene and DAL in the PRAL method on TG concentration (P = 0.04), waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.04), and LDL/HDL ratio (P = 0.04) were significant. Eventually, a positive relationship was observed between the presence of the del/del genotype (rs11279109) and higher levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, IL-18, and LDL/HDL, in individuals with lower adherence to DAL, after adjusting for various covariates. Further studies are needed to investigate and confirm these findings.
载脂蛋白 B 插入/缺失（ins/del）遗传变异（rs11279109）被认为与心血管代谢标志物和肥胖有关。这种关联有可能受到饮食模式的影响。由于大多数研究都关注饮食酸负荷（DAL）或载脂蛋白 B 在 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）及其并发症中的作用，而且由于关于载脂蛋白 B 遗传变异和 DAL 对人体测量和代谢标志物的可能相互作用的数据不足，我们旨在研究这种遗传变异与饮食酸负荷（DAL）对心血管代谢标志物的相互作用，以及在伊朗 T2DM 患者中瘦素的相互作用。随机招募了 700 名 T2DM 患者。使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷来计算 DAL，包括潜在肾酸负荷（PRAL）和净内源性酸产生（NEAP）。聚合酶链反应用于载脂蛋白 B ins/del（rs11279109）的基因分型。应用一般线性模型在未调整和调整模型中寻找相互作用。具有高 PRAL 摄入的 del/del 基因型（rs11279109）患者的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（P=0.004）、LDL/HDL 比值（P=0.02）、总胆固醇（TC）（P=0.04）、三酰甘油（TG）（P=0.04）、瘦素（P=0.04）和白细胞介素-18（IL-18）（P=0.04）降低。此外，基因与 DAL 在 PRAL 方法中对 TG 浓度（P=0.04）、腰围（WC）（P=0.04）和 LDL/HDL 比值（P=0.04）的相互作用具有统计学意义。最终，在调整了各种协变量后，在 DAL 依从性较低的个体中，存在 del/del 基因型（rs11279109）与较高的 TG、TC、LDL-C、IL-18 和 LDL/HDL 水平之间存在正相关关系。需要进一步的研究来调查和证实这些发现。
