Department of Pharmacy, Hefei First People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 390# Huaihe Road, Luyang District, Hefei, China.
Anhui Women and Children's Medical Center, Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, China.
Cell Commun Signal. 2024 Oct 28;22(1):521. doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01894-2.
Immune cell therapy based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology platform has been greatly developed. The types of CAR immune cell therapy have expanded from T cells to innate immune cells such as NK cells and macrophages, and the diseases treated have expanded from hematological malignancies to non-tumor fields such as infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. Among them, CAR-T and CAR-NK therapy have observed examples of rapid remission in approved clinical trials, but the efficacy is unstable and plagued by tumor resistance. Trogocytosis is a special phenomenon of intercellular molecular transfer that is common in the immune system and is achieved by recipient cells through acquisition and internalization of donor cell-derived molecules and mediates immune effects. Recently, a novel short-term drug resistance mechanism based on trogocytosis has been proposed, and the bidirectional molecular exchange between CAR immune cells and tumor cells triggered by trogocytosis partially explains the long-term relapse phenomenon after treatment with CAR immune cells. In this review, we summarize the research progress of trogocytosis in CAR immunotherapy, discuss the influencing factors of trogocytosis and its direct and indirect interference with CAR immune cells and emphasize that the interference of trogocytosis can further release the potential of CAR immune cell therapy.
基于嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) 技术平台的免疫细胞治疗得到了极大的发展。CAR 免疫细胞治疗的类型已经从 T 细胞扩展到 NK 细胞和巨噬细胞等先天免疫细胞，治疗的疾病也从血液系统恶性肿瘤扩展到传染病和自身免疫性疾病等非肿瘤领域。其中，CAR-T 和 CAR-NK 治疗在已批准的临床试验中观察到快速缓解的例子，但疗效不稳定，且受到肿瘤耐药性的困扰。胞饮作用是一种特殊的细胞间分子转移现象，在免疫系统中很常见，是通过受体细胞摄取和内化供体细胞衍生的分子而实现的，并介导免疫效应。最近，提出了一种基于胞饮作用的新型短期耐药机制，CAR 免疫细胞与肿瘤细胞之间由胞饮作用触发的双向分子交换部分解释了 CAR 免疫细胞治疗后长期复发的现象。在这篇综述中，我们总结了胞饮作用在 CAR 免疫治疗中的研究进展，讨论了胞饮作用的影响因素及其对 CAR 免疫细胞的直接和间接干扰，并强调了胞饮作用的干扰可以进一步释放 CAR 免疫细胞治疗的潜力。
