Cheng Andy Y, Simmonds Andrew J
Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, 5-14 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
Genome. 2025 Jan 1;68:1-12. doi: 10.1139/gen-2024-0082. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Many cellular functions are compartmentalized within the optimized environments of organelles. However, processing or storage of metabolites from the same pathway can occur in multiple organelles. Thus, spatially separated organelles need to cooperate functionally. Coordination between organelles in different specialized cells is also needed, with shared metabolites passed via circulation. Peroxisomes are membrane-bounded organelles responsible for cellular redox and lipid metabolism in eukaryotic cells. Peroxisomes coordinate with other organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and lipid droplets. This functional coordination requires, or is at least enhanced by, direct contact between peroxisomes and other organelles. Peroxisome dysfunction in humans leads to multiorgan effects including neurological, metabolic, developmental, and age-related diseases. Thus, increased understanding of peroxisome coordination with other organelles, especially cells in various organs is essential. (fruit fly) has emerged recently as an effective animal model for understanding peroxisomes. Here we review current knowledge of pathways regulating coordination between peroxisomes with other organelles in flies, speculating about analogous roles for conserved genes encoding proteins with known organelle coordinating roles in other species.
许多细胞功能都在细胞器的优化环境中进行区室化。然而，同一代谢途径的代谢物加工或储存可能发生在多个细胞器中。因此，空间上分离的细胞器需要在功能上进行协作。不同特化细胞中的细胞器之间也需要协调，共享的代谢物通过循环传递。过氧化物酶体是负责真核细胞中细胞氧化还原和脂质代谢的膜结合细胞器。过氧化物酶体与包括线粒体、内质网、溶酶体和脂滴在内的其他细胞器协调。这种功能协调需要过氧化物酶体与其他细胞器之间的直接接触，或者至少会因这种接触而增强。人类过氧化物酶体功能障碍会导致多器官影响，包括神经、代谢、发育和与年龄相关的疾病。因此，加深对过氧化物酶体与其他细胞器，尤其是各种器官中的细胞之间协调的理解至关重要。果蝇最近已成为理解过氧化物酶体的有效动物模型。在这里，我们综述了目前关于果蝇中过氧化物酶体与其他细胞器之间协调调节途径的知识，并推测了在其他物种中编码具有已知细胞器协调作用的蛋白质的保守基因的类似作用。
