Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Pharmacy Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2025 Jan;21(1):1-21. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2024.10.005. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Telephone and video consultations have been used as telepharmacy modalities for a number of years, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic where in-person services were limited. However, a widespread global literature review has yet to be completed on studies since June 2016 regarding the effectiveness of telephone and video consultations as telepharmacy models.
The aim of this review was to summarise the synchronous telepharmacy models of care for adult outpatients since June 2016. The secondary aim was to report on the effect of these models on clinical, service, and user-perspectives and non-clinical outcomes compared to the standard model of care, as well as facilitators and barriers of the telepharmacy models.
A PROSPERO registered systematic review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase in March 2023. Key search terms included pharmacy, telepharmacy, and outpatient; data extraction and narrative analysis were then performed and NHMRC level of evidence determined.
From 2129 unique articles reviewed, 103 were eligible for inclusion. Synchronous telepharmacy services in an outpatient setting were delivered by telephone consultations and video consultations, with the majority being delivered by the telephone modality (87 %) and the remainder by video (13 %). Services primarily involved a pharmacist providing a single consultation with a patient. The purpose of this was either to provide counselling, obtain a best possible medication history, or to provide ongoing support as part of a clinical program, such as diabetes and blood pressure monitoring. Patients reported the quality of care received through telepharmacy consultations provided the same level of care or was superior to in-person services. Key facilitators for the success of telepharmacy services were access to training, technical assistance, digital literacy and availability of technology.
Telephone and video telepharmacy services are being delivered across a range of outpatient clinical areas. More evidence is needed for video consultation services and how this modality may potentially provide further benefit for certain clinical tasks such as counselling and use of medication delivery devices. Overall, telepharmacy services enhance patient accessibility to healthcare and offer a convenient method of delivering high quality services.
电话和视频咨询已经作为远程药学模式使用了多年，尤其是在 2019 年冠状病毒病大流行期间，当时面对面服务受到限制。然而，自 2016 年 6 月以来，尚未就电话和视频咨询作为远程药学模式的有效性完成广泛的全球文献综述。
本综述旨在总结自 2016 年 6 月以来成人门诊患者的同步远程药学护理模式。次要目的是报告这些模式对临床、服务和用户观点以及非临床结果的影响，以及与标准护理模式相比，远程药学模式的促进因素和障碍。
2023 年 3 月，使用 PubMed、CINAHL 和 Embase 进行了 PROSPERO 注册系统综述。主要搜索词包括药房、远程药学和门诊；然后进行数据提取和叙述性分析，并确定 NHMRC 证据水平。
从审查的 2129 篇独特文章中，有 103 篇符合纳入标准。在门诊环境中提供的同步远程药学服务通过电话咨询和视频咨询进行，其中大多数通过电话模式（87%）提供，其余通过视频模式（13%）提供。服务主要涉及药剂师为患者提供单次咨询。这样做的目的要么是提供咨询，获得最佳可能的药物治疗史，要么是作为临床项目的一部分提供持续支持，如糖尿病和血压监测。患者报告说，通过远程药学咨询获得的护理质量与面对面服务相同或更高。远程药学服务成功的关键促进因素是获得培训、技术援助、数字扫盲和技术可用性。
电话和视频远程药学服务正在各种门诊临床领域提供。需要更多证据来证明视频咨询服务的有效性，以及这种模式如何可能为某些临床任务（如咨询和使用药物输送设备）提供进一步的益处。总体而言，远程药学服务增强了患者获得医疗保健的机会，并提供了一种方便的提供高质量服务的方法。
