Metabolite changes by combined treatment, ethyl formate and low temperature, in Drosophila suzukii.

Although ethyl formate (EF) fumigant and low temperature applications are widely used for pest management, studies related to their mechanisms of action and subsequent metabolic changes in Drosophila suzukii models are still unclear. In this study, a comparative metabolome analysis was performed to investigate the major metabolites modified by EF and low temperature and how they are related to and affect insect physiology. Most of the identified metabolites function in metabolic pathways related to the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and cofactors. In addition, a combined treatment with EF and low temperature significantly altered the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and the levels of the purine and pyrimidine classes of metabolites. Interestingly, the levels of cytochrome P450 and glutathione metabolites involved in detoxification dramatically changed under stress conditions compared to those in the control group.