Jeon Jong-Chan, Kim Hyun-Kyung, Koo Hyun-Na, Kim Bong-Su, Yang Jeong-Oh, Kim Gil-Hah
Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.
Insects. 2022 Jul 22;13(8):664. doi: 10.3390/insects13080664.
Drosophila suzukii is a quarantine pest that is rapidly spreading in berries. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of combination treatment with ethyl formate (EF) and cold temperature for D. suzukii control on imported grapes. A higher insecticidal effect was observed at 1 °C than at 5 °C at all developmental stages, and the pupal stage showed the strongest tolerance to cold temperature. After EF fumigation alone, eggs showed the highest tolerance at 216.67 mg·h/L (LCT99 value), and adults showed the highest susceptibility at <27.24 mg·h/L. Among the combination treatment methods, cold temperature after fumigation resulted in the best synergistic effect. The effect of this combination was significant, with 23.3% higher mortality for eggs, 22.4% for larvae, and 23.4% for pupae than observed with EF fumigation alone. Furthermore, the period of complete D. suzukii control in the 12 L desiccator was shorter in the combination treatment group at the LCT80 value than at the LCT50 value of the egg stage. EF showed a very high sorption rate (24%) after 4 h of exposure at a grape loading ratio of 15% in a 0.65 m3 fumigation chamber. As the grape loading ratio for combination treatment decreased, D. suzukii mortality increased, but when EF was administered at the LCT80 value, there was little difference in the mortalities of the eggs and larvae but not the pupae. All D. suzukii developmental stages were completely controlled within 7 days after combination treatment, and phytotoxicity was not observed in grapes. These results suggest that the combination of cold-temperature treatment and EF fumigation could be used for D. suzukii control.
铃木氏果蝇是一种检疫性害虫，正在浆果中迅速传播。本研究评估了甲酸乙酯（EF）与低温联合处理对进口葡萄上铃木氏果蝇的防治增效作用。在所有发育阶段，1℃时的杀虫效果均高于5℃，蛹期对低温的耐受性最强。单独进行EF熏蒸后，卵在216.67mg·h/L（LCT99值）时耐受性最高，成虫在<27.24mg·h/L时敏感性最高。在联合处理方法中，熏蒸后低温处理产生的增效作用最佳。这种联合处理的效果显著，卵、幼虫和蛹的死亡率分别比单独EF熏蒸高23.3%、22.4%和23.4%。此外，在12L干燥器中，联合处理组在卵期LCT80值时完全控制铃木氏果蝇的时间比LCT50值时短。在0.65m³熏蒸室中，葡萄装载率为15%时，暴露4小时后EF的吸附率非常高（24%）。随着联合处理葡萄装载率的降低，铃木氏果蝇死亡率增加，但当以LCT80值施用EF时，卵和幼虫的死亡率差异不大，但蛹的死亡率有差异。联合处理后7天内所有铃木氏果蝇发育阶段均得到完全控制，且葡萄未观察到植物毒性。这些结果表明，低温处理与EF熏蒸联合可用于防治铃木氏果蝇。
