Zhang Qiyan, Xie Qiaohui, Wang Tao, Huang Shuangwu, Zhang Qiming
State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Oct 29;15(1):9351. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53674-8.
Polymers are key dielectric materials for energy storage capacitors in advanced electronics and electric power systems due to their high breakdown strengths, low loss, great reliability, lightweight, and low cost. However, their electric and dielectric performance deteriorates at elevated temperatures, making them unable to meet the rising demand for harsh-environment electronics such as electric vehicles, renewable energy, and electrified transportation. Here, we present an all-polymer nanostructured dielectric material that achieves a discharged energy density of 7.1 J/cm³ with a charge-discharge efficiency of 90% at 150°C, outperforming the existing dielectric polymers and representing more than a twofold improvement in discharged energy density compared with polyetherimide. The self-assembled nano-scale multiboundaries effectively impede the charge injection and excitation, leading to more than one order of magnitude lower leakage current density than the pristine polymer matrix PEI at high electric fields and elevated temperature. In addition, the film processing is simple, straightforward, and low cost, thus this all-polymer nanostructured dielectric material strategy is suitable for the mass production of dielectric polymer films for high-temperature capacitive energy storage.
聚合物因其高击穿强度、低损耗、高可靠性、轻质和低成本，成为先进电子和电力系统中储能电容器的关键介电材料。然而，它们的电学和介电性能在高温下会恶化，使其无法满足电动汽车、可再生能源和电动交通等恶劣环境电子产品不断增长的需求。在此，我们展示了一种全聚合物纳米结构介电材料，在150°C下实现了7.1 J/cm³的放电能量密度，充放电效率为90%，优于现有的介电聚合物，与聚醚酰亚胺相比，放电能量密度提高了两倍多。自组装的纳米级多边界有效地阻碍了电荷注入和激发，导致在高电场和高温下漏电流密度比原始聚合物基体聚醚酰亚胺低一个多数量级。此外，薄膜加工简单、直接且成本低，因此这种全聚合物纳米结构介电材料策略适用于高温电容储能介电聚合物薄膜的大规模生产。
