Sahoo Kaushik, Meshram Supriya
Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Sep 28;16(9):e70414. doi: 10.7759/cureus.70414. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Phage therapy, using bacteriophages to target and destroy bacteria, has evolved significantly from its early 20th-century inception to its modern resurgence as a promising alternative to antibiotics. This review explores the historical development of phage therapy, detailing its initial successes, subsequent decline with the rise of antibiotics, and recent revival in response to increasing antibiotic resistance. We examine the fundamental mechanisms of phage therapy, including the specificity of phages for bacterial targets and their ability to combat resistant strains. Current applications are discussed, highlighting the use of phage therapy in treating chronic infections, personalizing treatment strategies, and its role in veterinary and food safety contexts. Innovations in phage therapy, driven by advancements in genetic engineering and synthetic biology, are also reviewed, showcasing the development of engineered phages, phage libraries, and novel delivery systems. Despite its potential, phage therapy faces challenges such as regulatory hurdles, safety concerns, and issues related to bacterial resistance to phages. The review underscores the need for ongoing research and clinical trials to address these challenges and to integrate phage therapy into modern treatment paradigms. By offering a detailed overview of the evolution, current status, and future directions of phage therapy, this review aims to highlight its potential as a crucial component in the fight against antibiotic-resistant infections and to inform future research efforts.
噬菌体疗法是利用噬菌体来靶向和消灭细菌，从20世纪初诞生至今已取得显著发展，如今作为抗生素的一种有前景的替代方法再度兴起。这篇综述探讨了噬菌体疗法的历史发展，详细阐述了其最初的成功、随着抗生素的兴起而随后衰落，以及近期因抗生素耐药性增加而复兴的情况。我们研究了噬菌体疗法的基本机制，包括噬菌体对细菌靶点的特异性及其对抗耐药菌株的能力。文中讨论了当前的应用，重点介绍了噬菌体疗法在治疗慢性感染、个性化治疗策略方面的应用，以及它在兽医和食品安全领域的作用。还综述了由基因工程和合成生物学进展推动的噬菌体疗法创新，展示了工程噬菌体、噬菌体文库和新型递送系统的发展。尽管噬菌体疗法具有潜力，但它面临着监管障碍、安全问题以及与细菌对噬菌体的耐药性相关的问题等挑战。该综述强调需要持续进行研究和开展临床试验以应对这些挑战，并将噬菌体疗法纳入现代治疗模式。通过对噬菌体疗法的演变、现状和未来方向进行详细概述，本综述旨在突出其作为对抗抗生素耐药性感染关键组成部分的潜力，并为未来的研究工作提供信息。
