Ouhaddou Redouane, Ech-Chatir Lahoucine, Ikan Chayma, Soussani Fatima Ezzahra, Errouh Farid, Boutasknit Abderrahim, Rodrigez Julio Cesar, Er-Raki Salah, Duponnois Robin, Meddich Abdelilah
Center of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, Research Unit Labelled CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-7 CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Team, Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 9;15:1432637. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1432637. eCollection 2024.
In the current context of rapid climate change, water scarcity and soil poverty are becoming increasingly alarming, leading to growing losses of 30-50% of global agricultural production. It is imperative to find environmentally-friendly approaches for improving plant tolerance to drastic conditions, particularly in arid and semi-arid Mediterranean regions. Biostimulants based on symbiotic microbes are emerging as effective strategies for improving tolerance and agricultural productivity. This study aims to evaluate the effects of single and double inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (My) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (Ba) on the growth, physiological and biochemical traits of maize crop grown in compost (Co) amended soil under two irrigation regimes: well-watered (WW: 100% of crop evapotranspiration [ETc]) and drought-stressed (DS: 50% ETc) using drip irrigation system. Reducing irrigation to 50% reduced shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), 1,000-grains weight (TGW) and grain yield (Y). However, Ba alone increased SDW by 63%, while CoMyBa improved RDW, TGW and Y by 197, 43 and 175%, respectively compared with the control under DS conditions. Dual inoculation boosted root colonization intensity, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), total chlorophyll and leaf area of maize seedlings in compost-amended soil, compared to the controls. The application of Ba significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde by 46%, in maize seedlings grown in compost-amended soil, compared to the controls under DS. Our results indicated that My and Ba significantly boost the ability of maize to tolerate drought by improving water supply and physiology and stimulating the accumulation of organic and inorganic osmolytes, as well as improving the properties of soils such as cation exchange capacity particularly amended by Co. The dual inoculations were the most effective and represent an environmentally-friendly and relatively inexpensive approach to optimizing agricultural production and soil restoration programs in Mediterranean regions.
在当前气候变化迅速的背景下，水资源短缺和土壤贫瘠问题日益严重，导致全球农业产量损失30%至50%且仍在增加。迫切需要找到环保方法来提高植物对极端条件的耐受性，特别是在干旱和半干旱的地中海地区。基于共生微生物的生物刺激剂正成为提高耐受性和农业生产力的有效策略。本研究旨在评估在两种灌溉制度下，丛枝菌根真菌（My）和植物促生细菌（Ba）单接种和双接种对堆肥（Co）改良土壤中种植的玉米作物生长、生理和生化特性的影响：使用滴灌系统进行充分灌溉（WW：作物蒸散量[ETc]的100%）和干旱胁迫（DS：50%ETc）。将灌溉量减少到50%会降低地上部干重（SDW）、根干重（RDW）、千粒重（TGW）和籽粒产量（Y）。然而，在干旱胁迫条件下，单独接种Ba可使地上部干重增加63%，而接种CoMyBa分别使根干重、千粒重和籽粒产量比对照提高197%、43%和175%。与对照相比，双接种提高了堆肥改良土壤中玉米幼苗的根定殖强度、归一化植被指数（NDVI）、总叶绿素和叶面积。与干旱胁迫条件下对照相比，接种Ba显著降低了堆肥改良土壤中玉米幼苗的过氧化氢和丙二醛含量46%。我们的结果表明，My和Ba通过改善水分供应和生理状况、刺激有机和无机渗透物质的积累，以及改善土壤特性如阳离子交换容量（特别是Co改良的土壤），显著提高了玉米的耐旱能力。双接种是最有效的，代表了一种环保且相对廉价的方法，可优化地中海地区的农业生产和土壤修复计划。
