Daba Sintayehu D, Panda Punyatoya, Aryal Uma K, Kiszonas Alecia M, Finnie Sean M, McGee Rebecca J
USDA-ARS Western Wheat & Pulse Quality Laboratory, Pullman, Washington, USA.
Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Proteomics. 2025 Feb;25(3):e2300363. doi: 10.1002/pmic.202300363. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
Seed development is complex, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Understanding proteome profiles at different seed developmental stages is key to improving seed composition and quality. We used label-free quantitative proteomics to analyze round and wrinkled pea seeds at five growth stages: 4, 7, 12, 15, and days after anthesis (DAA), and at maturity. Wrinkled peas had lower starch content (30%) compared to round peas (47%-55%). Proteomic analysis identified 3659 protein groups, with 21%-24% shared across growth stages. More proteins were identified during early seed development than at maturity. Statistical analysis found 735 significantly different proteins between wrinkled and round seeds, regardless of the growth stage. The detected proteins were categorized into 31 functional classes, including metabolic enzymes, proteins involved in protein biosynthesis and homeostasis, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell division. Cell division-related proteins were more abundant in early stages, while storage proteins were more abundant later in seed development. Wrinkled seeds had lower levels of the starch-branching enzyme (SBEI), which is essential for amylopectin biosynthesis. Seed storage proteins like legumin and albumin (PA2) were more abundant in round peas, whereas vicilin was more prevalent in wrinkled peas. This study enhances our understanding of seed development in round and wrinkled peas. The study highlighted the seed growth patterns and protein profiles in round and wrinkled peas during seed development. It showed how protein accumulation changed, particularly focusing on proteins implicated in cell division, seed reserve metabolism, as well as storage proteins and protease inhibitors. These findings underscore the crucial role of these proteins in seed development. By linking the proteins identified to Cameor-based pea reference genome, our research can open avenues for deeper investigations into individual proteins, facilitate their practical application in crop improvement, and advance our knowledge of seed development.
种子发育过程复杂，受到遗传和环境因素的影响。了解不同种子发育阶段的蛋白质组图谱是改善种子成分和品质的关键。我们采用无标记定量蛋白质组学方法，分析了圆粒和皱粒豌豆种子在开花后4天、7天、12天、15天以及成熟阶段这五个生长时期的情况。与圆粒豌豆（淀粉含量为47%-55%）相比，皱粒豌豆的淀粉含量较低（30%）。蛋白质组分析共鉴定出3659个蛋白质组，其中21%-24%在各个生长阶段都有共享。种子发育早期鉴定出的蛋白质比成熟阶段更多。统计分析发现，无论处于哪个生长阶段，皱粒种子和圆粒种子之间都有735种蛋白质存在显著差异。检测到的蛋白质被分为31个功能类别，包括代谢酶、参与蛋白质生物合成和体内平衡的蛋白质、碳水化合物代谢相关蛋白质以及细胞分裂相关蛋白质。与细胞分裂相关的蛋白质在早期更为丰富，而贮藏蛋白在种子发育后期更为丰富。皱粒种子中淀粉分支酶（SBEI）的水平较低，而SBEI对支链淀粉的生物合成至关重要。诸如豆球蛋白和清蛋白（PA2）等种子贮藏蛋白在圆粒豌豆中更为丰富，而豌豆球蛋白在皱粒豌豆中更为普遍。这项研究增进了我们对圆粒和皱粒豌豆种子发育的理解。该研究突出了圆粒和皱粒豌豆在种子发育过程中的生长模式和蛋白质图谱。它展示了蛋白质积累是如何变化的，尤其关注与细胞分裂、种子储备代谢以及贮藏蛋白和蛋白酶抑制剂相关的蛋白质。这些发现强调了这些蛋白质在种子发育中的关键作用。通过将鉴定出的蛋白质与基于Cameor的豌豆参考基因组相联系，我们的研究可以为深入研究单个蛋白质开辟道路，促进其在作物改良中的实际应用，并推动我们对种子发育的认识。
