Senna Plinio Mendes, Mourão Carlos Fernando, Dodo Cindy Goes, Rutkowski James L, Cury Altair A Del Bel
Department of Prosthodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro.
Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston.
Braz Dent J. 2024 Oct 25;35:e246111. doi: 10.1590/0103-6440202406111. eCollection 2024.
This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of plasma ion implantation nitriding on titanium's surface properties and initial cell response. Grade 4 titanium discs (12.7 × 2 mm) were blasted with aluminum oxide particles to create moderately rough surfaces. The experimental discs (TiN) were nitrided using the plasma ion implantation technique in a vacuum chamber. Surface characterization was performed using laser confocal microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Surface wettability was assessed by measuring the contact angle of a sessile drop using a goniometer. Human osteoblast cells were seeded on the discs to evaluate cell attachment and proliferation at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days of culture using a tetrazolium compound assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured at day 7 to assess cell differentiation. Cell morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The TiN group exhibited similar micro-roughness to the control group; however, it displayed a higher density of nanostructures, increased nitrogen content, and slightly improved wettability. Cell proliferation and ALP activity were similar between the groups after seven days of culture. In conclusion, plasma ion implantation nitriding enhances surface nanofeatures and wettability without compromising the biocompatibility of titanium, making it a promising surface modification technique for dental and orthopedic implants.
这项体外研究旨在探究等离子体离子注入渗氮对钛表面性能及细胞初始反应的影响。使用4级钛盘（12.7×2毫米），用氧化铝颗粒进行喷砂处理以形成适度粗糙的表面。将实验盘（TiN）在真空室中采用等离子体离子注入技术进行渗氮处理。使用激光共聚焦显微镜、原子力显微镜（AFM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）进行表面表征。通过使用测角仪测量静滴接触角来评估表面润湿性。将人成骨细胞接种在盘上，使用四唑化合物测定法在培养1、3、5和7天时评估细胞附着和增殖情况。在第7天测量碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性以评估细胞分化。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜检查细胞形态。TiN组与对照组表现出相似的微观粗糙度；然而，它显示出更高密度的纳米结构、增加的氮含量以及略有改善的润湿性。培养7天后，两组之间的细胞增殖和ALP活性相似。总之，等离子体离子注入渗氮增强了表面纳米特征和润湿性，同时不损害钛的生物相容性，使其成为牙科和骨科植入物一种有前景的表面改性技术。
