Mohamadzadeh Marzieh, Zanjari Nasibeh, Delbari Ahmad, Foroughan Mahshid, Tabesh Hamed
Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Health Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2024 Sep 4;29(5):583-589. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_260_23. eCollection 2024 Sep-Oct.
Subjective Successful Aging (SSA) refers to individuals' self-rating of their aging process. Demographics, socioeconomic status, and health conditions of older adults can shape their aging process and their self-evaluation of it. This study aimed to explore the status of SSA and its related factors among a sample of Iranian older adults in 2022.
This cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 older adults in Bojnurd, Iran, who were selected by a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected through a four-part questionnaire consisting of objective socioeconomic status, subjective socioeconomic status (Subjective Social Status (SSS) and Perceived Income Adequacy (PIA)), health status (Self-Related Health (SRH) and number of chronic diseases), and the SSA six-question scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22). Bivariable and multiple linear regression analyses were run to identify the factors associated with SSA.
The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 68 (7.33). The mean (standard deviation) of the SSA score was 60.69 (17.85). Only 132 individuals (32.20%) considered themselves successful. According to regression analysis, among the investigated variables, the predictors of SSA were SRH ( = 0.40, < 0.001), PIA ( = 0.23, < 0.001), SSS ( = 0.18, < 0.001), and age ( = -0.11, = 0.009), respectively.
Regarding the low percentage of participants who considered themselves successful seniors, it is necessary to pay more attention to promoting the aspect of successful aging and its related determinants. According to the results, promoting perceived health and reducing financial concerns, especially in older people, could finally increase SSA among Iranian older adults.
主观成功老龄化（SSA）是指个体对自身衰老过程的自我评价。老年人的人口统计学特征、社会经济地位和健康状况会影响他们的衰老过程及其对衰老的自我评价。本研究旨在探讨2022年伊朗老年人群样本中主观成功老龄化的状况及其相关因素。
本横断面研究在伊朗博季努尔德的410名老年人中进行，采用多阶段抽样方法选取研究对象。通过一份由四部分组成的问卷收集数据，问卷内容包括客观社会经济地位、主观社会经济地位（主观社会地位（SSS）和感知收入充足性（PIA））、健康状况（自我相关健康（SRH）和慢性病数量）以及主观成功老龄化六题量表。使用SPSS（版本22）对数据进行分析。进行双变量和多元线性回归分析以确定与主观成功老龄化相关的因素。
参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为68岁（7.33）。主观成功老龄化得分的平均（标准差）为60.69（17.85）。只有132人（32.20%）认为自己成功。根据回归分析，在所调查的变量中，主观成功老龄化的预测因素分别是自我相关健康（β = 0.40，P < 0.001）、感知收入充足性（β = 0.23，P < 0.001）、主观社会地位（β = 0.18，P < 0.001）和年龄（β = -0.11，P = 0.009）。
鉴于认为自己是成功老年人的参与者比例较低，有必要更加关注促进成功老龄化及其相关决定因素。根据研究结果，改善健康认知并减少经济担忧，尤其是在老年人中，最终可能会提高伊朗老年人的主观成功老龄化水平。
