Department of Family Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Family Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 31;19(10):e0309558. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309558. eCollection 2024.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health concern, particularly in the elderly population. Absolute handgrip strength (HGS) serves to quantify muscle strength. It is recommended that the risk of low muscle strength and increased body mass index be concurrently evaluated using relative HGS. There are currently insufficient evidence regarding the relationship between relative HGS and DM in the elderly Korean population. Therefore, the association between relative HGS and the development of DM in Korean elderly was investigated.
Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used to determine the odds ratio (OR) between relative HGS and DM during the follow-up period from 2006-2020 among Korean men and women aged ≥65 years without DM when they first participated in this survey. Analysis was conducted using the Generalized Estimating Equation method. Trend analysis was performed for DM development based on relative HGS.
Among elderly males, higher relative HGS groups had reduced odds of developing DM (Middle tertile: OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.61-1.23, p = 0.419.) (Upper tertile: OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.56-1.18, p = 0.281.) Among elderly females, the reductions were similar. (Middle tertile: OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.66-1.03, p = 0.087.) (Upper tertile: OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.50-1.25, p = 0.306.) However, these differences were not statistically significant. Significant predictors of new-onset DM included age, BMI (overweight/obese), household income, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and chronic liver disease. Trend tests indicated a substantial decrease in the OR as the relative HGS increased for male and total groups (p for trend < 0.05).
Relative HGS did not achieve statistical significance. Our findings indicate that BMI, particularly overweight and obesity, significantly predicts new-onset DM. However, trend tests indicated a substantial decrease in the OR as the relative HGS increased for male and total groups (p for trend < 0.05), even after adjusting for BMI categories. Despite the lack of statistical significance in some cases, the trend suggests that promoting resistance exercises to enhance HGS could be beneficial in DM prevention. Comprehensive DM prevention strategies should include managing obesity and chronic conditions for elderly.
糖尿病（DM）是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尤其是在老年人群中。绝对握力（HGS）用于量化肌肉力量。建议使用相对 HGS 同时评估低肌肉力量和体重指数增加的风险。目前，关于韩国老年人群中相对 HGS 与 DM 之间的关系，证据不足。因此，研究了韩国老年人中相对 HGS 与 DM 发展之间的关系。
使用韩国老龄化纵向研究的数据，确定 2006-2020 年期间，首次参加该调查时无糖尿病的≥65 岁韩国男性和女性参与者在随访期间相对 HGS 与 DM 之间的比值比（OR）。使用广义估计方程法进行分析。根据相对 HGS 进行 DM 发展的趋势分析。
在老年男性中，较高的相对 HGS 组发生 DM 的几率较低（中三分位：OR 0.87，95%CI 0.61-1.23，p=0.419.）（上三分位：OR 0.82，95%CI 0.56-1.18，p=0.281.）在老年女性中，降低情况类似。（中三分位：OR 0.82，95%CI 0.66-1.03，p=0.087.）（上三分位：OR 0.79，95%CI 0.50-1.25，p=0.306.）然而，这些差异没有统计学意义。新诊断 DM 的显著预测因素包括年龄、BMI（超重/肥胖）、家庭收入、饮酒、高血压和慢性肝病。趋势检验表明，男性和总人群的相对 HGS 增加时，OR 显著降低（p 值趋势<0.05）。
相对 HGS 没有达到统计学意义。我们的研究结果表明，BMI，尤其是超重和肥胖，显著预测新诊断的 DM。然而，趋势检验表明，男性和总人群的相对 HGS 增加时，OR 显著降低（p 值趋势<0.05），即使在调整 BMI 类别后也是如此。尽管在某些情况下没有统计学意义，但趋势表明，促进阻力运动以增强 HGS 可能有助于预防 DM。老年人群的综合 DM 预防策略应包括管理肥胖和慢性疾病。
