Comparison of microneedling and CO laser with adipose-derived stem cells for facial rejuvenation: a randomized split-face study.

BACKGROUND

Facial aging, characterized by structural decline and loss of collagen and elastin, has led to increased demand for rejuvenation treatments. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising option, but comparative studies on their application methods are limited.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to compare the efficacy of ADSC combined with microneedling or CO laser for facial rejuvenation.

METHODS

Twenty-seven participants were randomized into two groups: Microneedling (MN, n = 14) or CO laser (n = 13). Each group underwent three treatment sessions at 4-week intervals. The ADSC solution was applied to one side and the placebo to the other using a split-face design. We performed objective evaluations (UV spots, brown spots, wrinkles, texture, pores, red areas, and porphyrins) and subjective assessments, including clinical photographs, patient satisfaction scales, and histological analysis of skin biopsies.

RESULTS

The CO laser with the ADSC group showed significantly more significant improvements in UV spots (P = 0.002) and wrinkles (P = 0.002) compared to the MN with the ADSC group. Histological analysis revealed superior elastin fibers and epidermal thickness improvements with CO laser treatment. Patient satisfaction was higher in the CO laser group, with 84.6% reporting complete satisfaction compared to 50% in the MN group.

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of CO laser with ADSCs demonstrated superior efficacy for facial rejuvenation compared to MN with ADSCs. This approach improved UV spots, wrinkles, skin structure, and overall patient satisfaction. Further studies with larger cohorts and extended follow-up are needed to confirm long-term efficacy.