Gao Zhen, Chen Xiaoyong, Wang Chen, Song Jiajia, Xu Jiahui, Liu Xiao, Qian Yu, Suo Huayi
College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Microbiol Res. 2023 Oct 14;278:127526. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127526.
Dental caries, a prevalent oral infectious disease, is intricately linked to the biofilm formation on the tooth surfaces by oral microbes. Among these, Streptococcus mutans plays a central role in the initiation and progression of caries due to its ability to produce glucosyltransferases, synthesize extracellular polysaccharides, and facilitate bacterial adhesion and aggregation. This leads to the formation of biofilms where the bacteria metabolize dietary carbohydrates to produce acids. Therefore, devising effective strategies to inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation is crucial for dental caries prevention and oral health promotion. Though preventive measures like mechanical removal and antibacterial drugs (fluoride, chlorhexidine) exist, they pose challenges such as time consumption, short-term effectiveness, antibiotic resistance, and disruption of oral flora balance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of emerging strategies such as antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, nanoparticles, and non-thermal plasma therapies for targeted inhibition of S. mutans biofilm formation. Moreover, current research insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing S. mutans biofilm formation are also elucidated. The objective is to foster the development of innovative, efficient and safe techniques for caries prevention and treatment, thereby expanding treatment options in clinical dentistry and promoting oral health.
龋齿是一种常见的口腔传染病，与口腔微生物在牙齿表面形成生物膜密切相关。其中，变形链球菌由于能够产生葡糖基转移酶、合成细胞外多糖并促进细菌黏附和聚集，在龋齿的发生和发展中起着核心作用。这会导致生物膜的形成，细菌在其中代谢膳食碳水化合物以产生酸。因此，制定有效的策略来抑制变形链球菌生物膜的形成对于预防龋齿和促进口腔健康至关重要。尽管存在机械清除和抗菌药物（氟化物、氯己定）等预防措施，但它们存在耗时、短期有效性、抗生素耐药性以及破坏口腔菌群平衡等挑战。本综述全面概述了抗菌肽、益生菌、纳米颗粒和非热等离子体疗法等新兴策略，以靶向抑制变形链球菌生物膜的形成。此外，还阐明了目前对变形链球菌生物膜形成调控机制的研究见解。目的是促进创新、高效和安全的龋齿预防和治疗技术的发展，从而扩大临床牙科的治疗选择并促进口腔健康。
