Afram Yayra, Amenorpe Godwin, Bediako Elvis Asare, Darkwa Alfred A, Amegbor Isaac Kodzo
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Oil Palm Research Institute, Coconut Research Programme, P. O. Box 245, Sekondi, Ghana.
Biotechnology and Nuclear Agricultural Research Institute (BNARI), Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC), Accra, Ghana.
J Environ Radioact. 2023 Oct 27;271:107318. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107318.
To meet the rising demand for cereal-based food products, it is essential to create parent lines for hybrid development. Evaluating the sensitivity of maize genotypes to gamma rays is critical for successful mass irradiation to induce mutations. This study aimed to assess how maize genotypes respond to gamma radiation and determine an effective dosage for mutation breeding. Six maize genotypes were subjected to gamma radiation doses ranging from 0 to 750 Gy (s) Co. The irradiated seeds were evaluated in controlled conditions and then planted in the field for the assessment of physio-agronomic traits. The lethal dose (LD50) was established based on the germination rate of the M1 generation. Results demonstrated a decrease in germination percentage, plant height, survival rate, root length, and plant photosynthetic rate with escalating gamma radiation doses. The mean LD, determined from the germination data, was 254.3 Gy. The radiation dosage range of 206.71-301.95 Gy proved effective in influencing both quantitative and qualitative characteristics. These findings provide valuable insights into the efficient utilization of gamma radiation in expediting the development of promising parent lines, which can be instrumental in hybridization efforts to produce superior maize varieties.
为满足对谷物类食品日益增长的需求，创建用于杂交育种的亲本系至关重要。评估玉米基因型对伽马射线的敏感性对于成功进行大规模辐照诱变至关重要。本研究旨在评估玉米基因型对伽马辐射的反应，并确定诱变育种的有效剂量。六种玉米基因型接受了0至750戈瑞（钴）的伽马辐射剂量。对辐照后的种子在可控条件下进行评估，然后种植于田间以评估生理农艺性状。基于M1代的发芽率确定致死剂量（LD50）。结果表明，随着伽马辐射剂量的增加，发芽率、株高、存活率、根长和植物光合速率均下降。根据发芽数据确定的平均致死剂量为254.3戈瑞。206.71 - 301.95戈瑞的辐射剂量范围被证明对影响数量和质量性状均有效。这些发现为伽马辐射在加速有前景的亲本系开发中的有效利用提供了有价值的见解，这有助于杂交培育出优良玉米品种。
