Çavdar Safiye, Köse Büşra, Altınöz Damlasu, Söyler Gizem, Cingöz Ahmet, Gürses İlke Ali, Özkan Mazhar, Aslıyüksek Hızır, Çakır Halit
Department of Anatomy, Koç University, School of Medicine, Rumelifener Yolu, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Anatomy, Koç University, School of Medicine, Rumelifener Yolu, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Chem Neuroanat. 2023 Oct 28:102357. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102357.
Recent investigations showed the presence of meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal and transverse dural sinuses which drain both fluid and immune cells from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to the deep cervical lymph nodes. This study uses immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the Western Blot technique to show the presence of mLV accompanying the dorsal (superior sagittal, inferior sagittal, transverse, sigmoid, and straight) and basal (cavernous, sphenoparietal, superior, and inferior petrosal) dural sinuses in the human brain. Samples for IHC were obtained from dorsal and basal meningeal dural sinuses of 3 human cadavers and 3 autopsies. Routine histological techniques were carried out for the specimens. Podoplanin (PDPN, lymphatic vessel endothelial cell marker) and CD31 (vascular endothelial cell marker) IHC staining were applied to the 5µm thick paraffin sections. Furthermore, PDPN and CD31 protein expressions were evaluated using Western Blot to the tissue samples from the same regions of 4 autopsies. Two consecutive sections from each sinus were PDPN, and CD31 was stained to differentiate blood vessels (BV) from mLV. The IHC staining showed the presence of mLVs accompanying both dorsal and basal dural sinuses. The mLVs accompanying the dorsal dural sinuses had a larger dimensions range compared to the basal dural sinuses. However, the number of mLVs along the basal dural sinuses was more than the mLVs along the dorsal ones. Further, fluid channels were closely localized to the mLV, with varying diameters and densities. Western Blotting technique showed the presence of PDPN expression in both dorsal and basal dural sinus samples. The knowledge of the presence of mLV along both dorsal and basal dural sinuses in humans can increase the understanding of how mLV contributes to the brain lymphatic circulation and may help understand the neuropathophysiological processes of various neurological diseases.
近期研究表明，脑膜淋巴管（mLVs）沿上矢状窦和横窦分布，可将脑脊液（CSF）中的液体和免疫细胞引流至颈深淋巴结。本研究采用免疫组织化学（IHC）和蛋白质印迹技术，证实人脑中mLVs伴随背侧（上矢状窦、下矢状窦、横窦、乙状窦和直窦）和基底（海绵窦、蝶顶窦、岩上窦和岩下窦）硬脑膜窦存在。IHC样本取自3具人类尸体和3例尸检的背侧和基底脑膜硬脑膜窦。对标本进行常规组织学技术处理。将血小板内皮细胞黏附分子（PDPN，淋巴管内皮细胞标志物）和CD31（血管内皮细胞标志物）免疫组化染色应用于5μm厚的石蜡切片。此外，采用蛋白质印迹法评估4例尸检相同区域组织样本中PDPN和CD31蛋白的表达。每个窦连续的两张切片进行PDPN和CD31染色，以区分血管（BV）和mLVs。免疫组化染色显示背侧和基底硬脑膜窦均有mLVs存在。与基底硬脑膜窦相比，伴随背侧硬脑膜窦的mLVs尺寸范围更大。然而，基底硬脑膜窦沿线的mLVs数量多于背侧硬脑膜窦沿线。此外，液体通道紧密定位于mLVs，直径和密度各异。蛋白质印迹技术显示背侧和基底硬脑膜窦样本中均存在PDPN表达。了解人背侧和基底硬脑膜窦中mLVs的存在，有助于加深对mLVs在脑淋巴循环中作用的理解，并可能有助于理解各种神经系统疾病的神经病理生理过程。
